ArticleBMC microbiology2020
Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory responses of photodynamic therapy in Galleria mellonella model.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prophylactic oral Limosilactobacillus fermentum DSM 34872 protects Galleria mellonella from gut-associated pathogens.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Inhibitory effects of berberine on Fonsecaea monophora in vitro and in vivo.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Alternatives to animal models to study bacterial infections.Folia microbiologica · 2023Review
- Review
- Antiviral Effects of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Phosphate against Classical Swine Fever Virus: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Fungal Infections.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Photodynamic Therapy against Fungal Keratitis.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prime a Protective Immune Response inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNew therapeutics are urgently needed for infectious diseases, especially for the fungal infection like Fonsecaea monophora. Photodynamic therapy has been showing antimicrobial activity on some pathogens. The combination of antimicrobial medicines and photodynamic therapy (PDT) might be a practical approach. However, whether the treatment of PDT could do benefits to the host immunity remains poorly documented.
resultsIn this study, Galleria mellonella larvae were employed as a model organism to evaluate the activity of PDT, and also to investigate the regulation of humoral immunity by PDT. Photosensitizer 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was applied to the G. mellonella infection model. It was found that ALA-mediated PDT was non-toxic to G. mellonella, and could extend the median survival of infected larvae from 3 days to 5.5 days. We observed that larval hemocytes inhibited the growth of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, without any contribution by ALA-PDT. Furthermore, the application of ALA-PDT demonstrated the immunomodulation of larval innate immunity as increased hemocyte density counting, cell morphological transformation, and sensitivity to pathogens.
conclusionsG. mellonella could be considered as a useful model to study the immunoregulation of PDT. This model revealed that ALA-PDT positively defense against infections through inducing humoral immune responses of larvae.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.