ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2020
Sex differences in subclinical hypothyroidism and associations with metabolic risk factors: a health examination-based study in mainland China.
Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thyroid dysfunction risk in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of case-control studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Long-term metabolic risks after thyroidectomy and thyroid hormone therapy in thyroid cancer survivors: a nationwide cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Correlation between subclinical hypothyroidism and menstrual irregularities in reproductive-age women.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Article
- Sex differences in 10-year cardiovascular risk of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and subclinical hypothyroidism: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Observational
- Association of high BMI with subclinical hypothyroidism in young, first-episode and drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder: a large-scale cross-sectional study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Association between dietary onion intake and subclinical hypothyroidism in adults: a population-based study from an iodine-replete area.Endocrine · 2021Article
- The association between BMI, smoking, drinking and thyroid disease: a cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China.BMC endocrine disorders · 2021Article
- Impact of thyroid disorders on the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Germany.United European gastroenterology journal · 2021Article
- Association between different obesity phenotypes and hypothyroidism: a study based on a longitudinal health management cohort.Endocrine · 2021Article
- Hypothyroidism-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (HIN): Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Options.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and metabolic risk factors in the general health examination-based population has been widely explored. However, the results have been inconclusive. Additionally, the sex differences in the prevalence of SCH and the association of SCH with metabolic risk factors remain unknown.
methodsWe conducted this cross-sectional study using data from health examination-based participants between June 2016 and April 2018 in our health examination centre. Sex differences SCH and the association of SCH with metabolic risk factors were explored.
resultsThe total prevalence of SCH was 3.40% among the 5319 included participants, and 4.90% among the 2306 female participants, which was much higher than the prevalence of 2.26% among the 3013 male participants (p < 0.05). In males, the difference between participants younger than 60 and aged 60 or older was not significant (p = 0.104); while in females, the difference between participants younger than 40 and participants aged 40 or older was statistically significant (p = 0.023). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age (OR = 0.568, p = 0.004), body-mass index (BMI) (OR = 5.029, p < 0.001) and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) (OR = 5.243, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of SCH in females, but no metabolic risk factor was significantly associated with SCH in males. Further analysis revealed that the prevalence was much higher in participants with one or two metabolic risk factors than in those with no above metabolic risk factors regardless of age (p < 0.01).
conclusionsOur study demonstrates that high BMI and/or high blood pressure are associated with SCH in female participants, and the prevalence of SCH among women with one or two metabolic risk factors ranges from 7.69-14.81%, which indicates that in such a population, serum concentrations of TSH and FT4 may be routinely screened in mainland China. Certainly, prospective, large-scale studies with long follow-up period are still necessary to further verify our results.
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