ReviewInternational journal of antimicrobial agents2020
A pharmacological perspective of chloroquine in SARS-CoV-2 infection: An old drug for the fight against a new coronavirus?
Review in International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine treatment on non-SARS-CoV2 viral infections: A systematic review of clinical studies.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- The Ability of Combined Flavonol and Trihydroxyorganic Acid to Suppress SARS-CoV-2 Reproduction.Viruses · 2024Article
- Blood matters: the hematological signatures of Coronavirus infection.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- The Incidence of Pulmonary Embolism in Hospitalized Non-ICU Patients with COVID-19 during the First Wave: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in the Netherlands.Journal of vascular research · 2024Article
- Diclofenac, ibuprofen, and paracetamol biodegradation: overconsumed non-steroidal anti-inflammatories drugs at COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- A multi-targeting drug design strategy for identifying potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Local Anesthetic Like Inhibition of the Cardiac NaJournal of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
- Roles of host mitochondria in the development of COVID-19 pathology: Could mitochondria be a potential therapeutic target?Molecular biomedicine · 2021Review
- Relevance between COVID-19 and host genetics of immune response.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Review
- Nano-engineered tools in the diagnosis, therapeutics, prevention, and mitigation of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2021Review
- Computational studies reveal Fluorine based quinolines to be potent inhibitors for proteins involved in SARS-CoV-2 assembly.Journal of fluorine chemistry · 2021Article
- Identification of Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro Enzymatic Activity Using a Small Molecule in Vitro Repurposing Screen.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2021Article
- Autophagy, Unfolded Protein Response, and Neuropilin-1 Cross-Talk in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: What Can Be Learned from Other Coronaviruses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Lipophilicity, Pharmacokinetic Properties, and Molecular Docking Study on SARS-CoV-2 Target for Betulin Triazole Derivatives with Attached 1,4-Quinone.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Reply to "The perceived efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in observational studies: the results of the confounding effects of 'goals of care'".International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2021Article
- Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine: Efficacy in the Treatment of the COVID-19.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Identification of lead compounds from large natural product library targeting 3C-like protease of SARS-CoV-2 using E-pharmacophore modelling, QSAR and molecular dynamics simulation.In silico pharmacology · 2021Article
- Efficacy and safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for treatment of COVID-19 patients-a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.American journal of cardiovascular disease · 2021Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Exploiting Autophagy Cascade Against Coronavirus Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is having serious consequences on health and the economy worldwide. All evidence-based treatment strategies need to be considered to combat this new virus. Drugs need to be considered on scientific grounds of efficacy, safety and cost. Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are old drugs used in the treatment of malaria. Moreover, their antiviral properties have been previously studied, including against coronaviruses, where evidence of efficacy has been found. In the current race against time triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, the search for new antivirals is very important. However, consideration should be given to old drugs with known anti-coronavirus activity, such as CQ and HCQ. These could be integrated into current treatment strategies while novel treatments are awaited, also in light of the fact that they display an anticoagulant effect that facilitates the activity of low-molecular-weight heparin, aimed at preventing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-associated thrombotic events. The safety of CQ and HCQ has been studied for over 50 years, however recently published data raise concerns for cardiac toxicity of CQ/HCQ in patients with COVID-19. This review also re-examines the real information provided by some of the published alarming reports, although concluding that cardiac toxicity should in any case be stringently monitored in patients receiving CQ/HCQ.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.