ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2020
Frailty in Patients With Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion is Higher Than in Patients with Nonfunctioning Adrenal Tumors.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the high prevalence, comorbidities, and indicators of mild autonomous cortisol secretion in primary aldosteronism: a cohort study and systematic review.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Cortisol Secretion in Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas: Clinical and Perioperative Implications.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Lowering the dexamethasone suppression test cut-off: is it time yet?Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Review
- An Analysis of Post-Adrenalectomy Dynamics in MACS (Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion)-Positive Adrenal Tumours: The Biomarkers and Clinical Impact.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Hospital frailty risk score predicts postoperative outcomes after endoscopic endonasal resection of non-functioning pituitary adenomas.Pituitary · 2025Article
- High LDL Particle and APOB Concentrations in Patients With Adrenal Cortical Adenomas.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Cognition in patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion at baseline and post-adrenalectomy.European journal of endocrinology · 2024Article
- Kidney Function in Patients With Adrenal Adenomas: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Mild autonomous cortisol secretion: pathophysiology, comorbidities and management approaches.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Diabetes Mellitus in Non-Functioning Adrenal Incidentalomas: Analysis of the Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion (MACS) Impact on Glucose Profile.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Tumor enlargement in adrenal incidentaloma is related to glaucoma: a new prognostic feature?Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Article
- Autonomic nervous system imbalance during aging contributes to impair endogenous anti-inflammaging strategies.GeroScience · 2024Review
- An Overlooked Disease: Minimal Autonomous Cortisol Secretion (MACS). A Narrative Review.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Risk of dementia and psychiatric or sleep disorders after diagnosis of adrenal adenomas: a population-based cohort study.European journal of endocrinology · 2023Article
- High prevalence of frailty in patients with adrenal adenomas and adrenocortical hormone excess: a cross-sectional multi-centre study with prospective enrolment.European journal of endocrinology · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular risk factors in mild adrenal autonomous cortisol secretion in a Caucasian population.Endocrine connections · 2022Article
- Interpretation of Abnormal Dexamethasone Suppression Test is Enhanced With Use of Synchronous Free Cortisol Assessment.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Observational
- [Autonomous cortisol secretion : Laboratory artifact or disease?]Der Internist · 2022Review
- Cortisol excess in chronic kidney disease - A review of changes and impact on mortality.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Approach to the Patient With Adrenal Incidentaloma.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextMild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) affects up to 50% of patients with adrenal adenomas. Frailty is a syndrome characterized by the loss of physiological reserves and an increase in vulnerability, and it serves as a marker of declining health.
objectiveTo compare frailty in patients with MACS versus patients with nonfunctioning adrenal tumors (NFAT).
designRetrospective study, 2003-2018.
settingReferral center. PATIENTS: Patients >20 years of age with adrenal adenoma and MACS (1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression (DST) of 1.9-5 µg/dL) and NFAT (DST <1.9 µg/dL).
main outcome measureFrailty index (range 0-1), calculated using a 47-variable deficit model.
resultsPatients with MACS (n = 168) demonstrated a higher age-, sex-, and body mass index-adjusted prevalence of hypertension (71% vs 60%), cardiac arrhythmias (50% vs 40%), and chronic kidney disease (25% vs 17%), but a lower prevalence of asthma (5% vs 14%) than patients with NFAT (n = 275). Patients with MACS reported more symptoms of weakness (21% vs 11%), falls (7% vs 2%), and sleep difficulty (26% vs 15%) as compared with NFAT. Age-, sex- and BMI-adjusted frailty index was higher in patients with MACS vs patients with NFAT (0.17 vs 0.15; P = 0.009). Using a frailty index cutoff of 0.25, 24% of patients with MACS were frail, versus 18% of patients with NFAT (P = 0.028).
conclusionPatients with MACS exhibit a greater burden of comorbid conditions, adverse symptoms, and frailty than patients with NFAT. Future prospective studies are needed to further characterize frailty, examine its responsiveness to adrenalectomy, and assess its influence on health outcomes in patients with MACS.
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Registered trials
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