Trial reportJournal of anesthesia2020
The analgesic effect of tramadol combined with butorphanol on uterine cramping pain after repeat caesarean section: a randomized, controlled, double-blind study.
Trial report in Journal of anesthesia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- PROSPECT guideline for elective caesarean section: updated systematic review and procedure-specific postoperative pain management recommendations.Anaesthesia · 2021Guideline
- Efficacy of oxycodone in managing visceral pain among women undergoing repeat cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- Butorphanol Tartrate Nasal Spray for Post-Cesarean Analgesia and Prolactin Secretion.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Trial
- The Effectiveness and Safety of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine of Different Concentrations Combined with Butorphanol for Post-Caesarean Section Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2021Trial
- Advances in epidural labor analgesia: Effectiveness and treatment strategies of butorphanol.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Article
- Pharmacologic Analgesia for Cesarean Section: An Update in 2024.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- Protective effects of butorphanol in oleic acid-endotoxin "two-hit" induced rat lung injury by suppression of inflammation and apoptosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Analgesic Effect of Esketamine Combined with Tramadol for Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia After Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2023Article
- Nalbuphine May Be Superior to Sufentanil in Relieving Postcesarean Uterine Contraction Pain in Multiparas: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Article
- Analgesic outcomes of tramadol alone and in combination with Butorphanol or Flurbiprofen Axetil after cesarean section: a retrospective study with propensity score matching analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2022Article
- Dural puncture epidural technique provides better anesthesia quality in repeat cesarean delivery than epidural technique: Randomized controlled study.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Pre-anesthetic use of butorphanol for the prevention of emergence agitation in thoracic surgery: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to explore the effect of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) using tramadol combined with butorphanol on uterine cramping pain in women undergoing repeat caesarean section.
methodsA total of 126 patients, who were scheduled to undergo repeat caesarean section under spinal anesthesia, were included. PCIA using tramadol combined with butorphanol or sufentanil was randomly performed for postoperative pain control. Postoperative uterine cramping pain and wound pain within 48 h after surgery were evaluated. Postoperative analgesic consumption, early activity time, and length of hospital stay were also recorded and analyzed.
resultsUterine cramping pain intensity in women undergoing repeat caesarean section was significantly higher compared with their wound pain (P < 0.05). The mean visual analog scale (VAS) score for uterine cramping pain in the tramadol-butorphanol group was significantly lower than that in the sufentanil group at rest, and at 6 h and 12 h after surgery. VAS scores for uterine cramping pain during movement at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after surgery in the tramadol-butorphanol group were also significantly lower than that in sufentanil group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS score for wound pain at the different time points between the tramadol-butorphanol and sufentanil groups (P > 0.05). Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with tramadol accelerated early rehabilitation and decreased the length of hospital stay (P < 0.05).
conclusionPCIA using tramadol combined with butorphanol provided a better analgesic effect and accelerated postoperative rehabilitation compared with sufentanil, and may be an optimal analgesic strategy for women undergoing repeat caesarean section. CLINICAL
trial registrationThe trial was registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( www.chictr.org.cn ) with ID: ChiCTR-1800014986.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.