ArticleEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority2019
Dietary reference values for sodium.
Article in EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sodium Intake and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Observational Cohort Studies.Current hypertension reports · 2022Pooled it
- Blood Pressure Effects of Sodium Reduction: Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies.Circulation · 2021Pooled it
- Diet quality and blood pressure among pregnant women with overweight or obesity: A secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Trial
- Preharvest supplemental lighting enhances productivity and modulates postharvest quality in hydroponically grown Apulian unripe melon 'Scopatizzo' ( Cucumis melo L.).Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026Article
- Valorisation of the HalophyteFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Multi-Element Analysis of Sicilian Citrus Fruits from Volcanic and Non-Volcanic Areas for Geographical Authentication and Food Safety Assessment.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sodium-Containing Pharmaceutical Products as Contributors to Cardiovascular Risk.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Review
- An Analysis of the Nutritional Value of Diets Generated by Large Language Models Under Average User Conditions-3(LM)Diet Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Guidelines for daily sodium intake: a counterpoint to the current recommendation for low sodium intake.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026Review
- Metal Content inFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Agreement Of A 24-hour food record and relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire compared with urinary biomarkers of sodium, potassium, and protein intake.Nutrition journal · 2026Observational
- Carnivore Diet: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence, Potential Benefits and Risks.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Article
- Salt intake moderates the association between BMI and cardiometabolic risk: evidence from an occupational cohort in Beijing.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Analysis in the Nutritional Composition, Bioactive Contents, and Antioxidant Capacity of Walnut (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fluoride intake during pregnancy: calculation of realistic exposure scenarios for individual risk assessment.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Bioavailability of Magnesium and Potassium Salts Used as Potential Substitutes for Sodium Chloride in Human Nutrition - A Review.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Review
- Salinity and Nitrogen Availability Affect Growth, Oxalate Metabolism, and Nutritional Quality in Red Orache Baby Greens.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nutritional Characterization of Annual and Perennial Glassworts from the Apulia Region (Italy).Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessing the impact of industrial pollution stress on the physiological defense, proximate composition and morphological traits of riparian vegetation.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) derived dietary reference values (DRVs) for sodium. Evidence from balance studies on sodium and on the relationship between sodium intake and health outcomes, in particular cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related endpoints and bone health, was reviewed. The data were not sufficient to enable an average requirement (AR) or population reference intake (PRI) to be derived. However, by integrating the available evidence and associated uncertainties, the Panel considers that a sodium intake of 2.0 g/day represents a level of sodium for which there is sufficient confidence in a reduced risk of CVD in the general adult population. In addition, a sodium intake of 2.0 g/day is likely to allow most of the general adult population to maintain sodium balance. Therefore, the Panel considers that 2.0 g sodium/day is a safe and adequate intake for the general EU population of adults. The same value applies to pregnant and lactating women. Sodium intakes that are considered safe and adequate for children are extrapolated from the value for adults, adjusting for their respective energy requirement and including a growth factor, and are as follows: 1.1 g/day for children aged 1-3 years, 1.3 g/day for children aged 4-6 years, 1.7 g/day for children aged 7-10 years and 2.0 g/day for children aged 11-17 years, respectively. For infants aged 7-11 months, an Adequate Intake (AI) of 0.2 g/day is proposed based on upwards extrapolation of the estimated sodium intake in exclusively breast-fed infants aged 0-6 months.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.