ArticleEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority2019
Evaluation of the health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides in foods other than raw apricot kernels.
Article in EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06491095 (A Randomized, Controlled, Cross-over Trial Examining the Effect of Flaxseed on Blood Cyanide Levels in Healthy Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Controlled, Cross-over Trial Examining the Effect of Flaxseed on Blood Cyanide Levels in Healthy Adults
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The effect of a split portion of flaxseed on 24-h blood glucose response.European journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Safety of Acheta domesticus (house cricket) spray-dried powder as a Novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Apple Pomace in Ready-to-Eat Plant-Based Meat Analogs: Functionality, Challenges, and Opportunities.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry as an Analytical Strategy to Assess the Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Cyanogenic Glycosides in Edible Microgreens.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Optimisation of Micronutrient Supplementation During Pregnancy: Interactions Between Bioactive Compounds, Their Impact on Health, and Regulatory Considerations.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Nutritional Composition, Amino Acid, Fatty Acid Profiles and Total Polyphenols of Sweet Apricot Kernels.International journal of food science · 2026Article
- Sustainable utilization of fruit waste in cereal-based breakfast foods: Pre-clinical and clinical perspectives on safety and nutritional benefits.Current research in food science · 2026Review
- Multifaceted Evaluation ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Amygdalin regulated vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor to protect alveolar epithelial barrier against lung injury induced by influenza a virus.Chinese medicine · 2025Article
- Associations between Maternal Urinary Metabolite Concentrations of Selected Volatile Organic Compounds and Child Neurocognitive Development at Two Years of Age.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Flaxseed in Diet: A Comprehensive Look at Pros and Cons.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Novel UHPLC-(+ESI)MS/MS Method for Determining Amygdalin, Prunasin and Total Cyanide in Almond Kernels and Hulls (Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025Article
- Characterization and Emulsifying Ability of Cassava Peels Solubilized Using Hydrothermal Treatments.Polymers · 2025Article
- Safety of frozen and dried forms of whole yellow mealworm (EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Plant cyanogenic glycosides: from structure to properties and potential applications.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Safety of frozen, dried and powder forms of house crickets (Acheta domesticus) as a novel food pursuant.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- A Review of Recent Advances in Chromatographic Quantification Methods for Cyanogenic Glycosides.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Safety of Acheta domesticus powder as a Novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In 2016, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) published a scientific opinion on the acute health risks related to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in raw apricot kernels in which an acute reference dose (ARfD) of 20 μg/kg body weight (bw) was established for cyanide (CN). In the present opinion, the CONTAM Panel concluded that this ARfD is applicable for acute effects of CN regardless the dietary source. To account for differences in cyanide bioavailability after ingestion of certain food items, specific factors were used. Estimated mean acute dietary exposures to cyanide from foods containing CNGs did not exceed the ARfD in any age group. At the 95th percentile, the ARfD was exceeded up to about 2.5-fold in some surveys for children and adolescent age groups. The main contributors to exposures were biscuits, juice or nectar and pastries and cakes that could potentially contain CNGs. Taking into account the conservatism in the exposure assessment and in derivation of the ARfD, it is unlikely that this estimated exceedance would result in adverse effects. The limited data from animal and human studies do not allow the derivation of a chronic health-based guidance value (HBGV) for cyanide, and thus, chronic risks could not be assessed.
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