ArticleEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority2018
Update of the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D for infants.
Article in EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D deficiency and oral health: a systematic review of literature.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- The Relationship Between Vitamin D Intake and Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Young Children: A Meta-Regression to Inform WHO/FAO Vitamin D Intake Recommendations.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- The Association Between Vitamin D and Early Childhood Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2024Pooled it
- Adherence to vitamin D supplementation guidelines in children under five years of age: a systematic literature review.European journal of nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Individual participant data (IPD)-level meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials with vitamin D-fortified foods to estimate Dietary Reference Values for vitamin D.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Multiple Micronutrients, Lutein, and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation during Lactation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Vitamin D Fortification of Dairy Products in the United Kingdom: What Are the Barriers?Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Safety of UV-treated oil from yellow mealworm (EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Vitamin D status in Norwegian children and associations between child vitamin D status, dietary factors, and maternal vitamin D status.Food & nutrition research · 2025Article
- From cultural dispositions to biological dimensions: a narrative review on the synergy between oral health and vitamin D through the lens of Indian habitus.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Review
- Precision stratified treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism based on multilevel emerging biomarkers.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Article
- Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Guidance on risk-benefit assessment of foods.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Safety of vitamin DEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- The Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Infants' Health.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol produced withEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol monohydrate produced withEFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D, including the derivation of a conversion factor for calcidiol monohydrate.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to revise the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D for infants (≤ 1 year) set in 2012. From its literature review, the Panel concluded that the available evidence on daily vitamin D intake and the risk of adverse health outcomes (hypercalciuria, hypercalcaemia, nephrocalcinosis and abnormal growth patterns) cannot be used alone for deriving the UL for infants. The Panel conducted a meta-regression analysis of collected data, to derive a dose-response relationship between daily supplemental intake of vitamin D and mean achieved serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Considering that a serum 25(OH)D concentration of 200 nmol/L or below is unlikely to pose a risk of adverse health outcomes in infants, the Panel estimated the percentage of infants reaching a concentration above this value at different intakes of vitamin D. Based on the overall evidence, the Panel kept the UL of 25 μg/day for infants aged up to 6 months and set a UL of 35 μg/day for infants 6-12 months. The Panel was also asked to advise on the safety of the consumption of infant formulae with an increased maximum vitamin D content of 3 μg/100 kcal (Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/127 repealing Directive 2006/141/EC in 2020). For infants aged up to 4 months, the intake assessment showed that the use of infant formulae containing vitamin D at 3 μg/100 kcal may lead some infants to receive an intake above the UL of 25 μg/day from formulae alone without considering vitamin D supplemental intake. For infants aged 4-12 months, the 95th percentile of vitamin D intake (high consumers) estimated from formulae and foods fortified or not with vitamin D does not exceed the ULs, without considering vitamin D supplemental intake.
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