Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32621759›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of cancer2021

A meta-analysis of anal cancer incidence by risk group: Toward a unified anal cancer risk scale.

Gary M Clifford, Damien Georges, Meredith S Shiels, Eric A Engels, Andreia Albuquerque, Isobel Mary Poynten, Alexandra de Pokomandy, Alexandra M Easson, Elizabeth A Stier

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 249 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
249citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
42.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05566106 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Anal Follow-up of Patients With a Gynecological History of High-grade Lesion and More Induced HPV

TypeobservationalSponsorFondation Hôpital Saint-JosephRan2022 to 2032Enrolled1,500ConditionsHuman Papilloma Virus
NCT07123558 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Anal Cancer Prevention in High-Risk Categories of Men Who Have Sex With Men - A Danish Prospective Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorBispebjerg HospitalRan2025 to 2027Enrolled700ConditionsAnal HSIL, Anal AIN3, Anal HPV InfectionArmsHigh resolution anoscopy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

249 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 454 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Interventions for anal canal intraepithelial neoplasia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  5. German-Austrian guideline on screening for anal dysplasia and anal carcinoma in people living with HIV.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025
    Guideline
  6. Pooled it
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  11. Trial
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  19. Efficacy of the Outsmart HPV Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Increase HPV Vaccination among Young Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023
    Trial
  20. Article

189 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 7 institutions in 6 countries.

Gary M CliffordInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.ORCID 0000-0001-7534-333X
Damien GeorgesInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Meredith S ShielsDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Eric A EngelsDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Andreia AlbuquerqueSt James University Hospital, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5258-2987
Isobel Mary PoyntenKirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6113-3769
Alexandra de PokomandyChronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre and Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Alexandra M EassonDepartment of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Elizabeth A StierObstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Centre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRNational Cancer Institute · USBoston University · USMcGill University Health Centre · CAUniversidade do Porto · PTUniversity of Toronto · CAUNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

Infections, immunity, and inflammation in cancerZIACP010150 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI ENGELS, ERIC A · 2009 to 2025
$24.0M
World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Certain population groups are known to have higher than average anal cancer risk, namely persons living with HIV (PLHIV), men who have sex with men (MSM), women diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related gynecological precancerous lesions or cancer, solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) and patients with autoimmune diseases. Our aim was to provide robust and comparable estimates of anal cancer burden across these groups. Summary incidence rates (IRs), as cases per 100 000 person-years (py), were calculated by fixed-effects meta-analysis. IRs were 85 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 82-89) for HIV-positive MSM (n = 7 studies; 2 229 234 py), 32 (95% CI = 30-35) for non-MSM male PLHIV (n = 5; 1626 448 py) and 22 (95% CI = 19-24) for female PLHIV (n = 6; 1 472 123 py), with strong variation by age (eg, from 16.8 < 30 years to 107.5 ≥ 60 years for HIV-positive MSM). IR was 19 (95% CI = 10-36) in HIV-negative MSM (n = 2; 48 135 py). Anal cancer IRs were much higher after diagnosis of vulvar (IR = 48 [95% CI = 38-61]; n = 4; 145 147 py) than cervical (9 [95% CI = 8-12]; n = 4; 779 098 py) or vaginal (IR = 10 [95% CI = 3-30]; n = 4; 32 671) cancer, with equivalent disparity after respective precancerous lesions. IR was 13 (95% CI = 12-15) in SOTRs (n = 5; 1 946 206 py), reaching 24.5 and 49.6 for males and females >10 years after transplant. Anal cancer IRs were 10 (95% CI = 5-19), 6 (95% CI = 3-11) and 3 (95% CI = 2-4) for systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, respectively. In conclusion, a unifying anal cancer risk scale, based upon comprehensive meta-analysis, can improve prioritization and standardization in anal cancer prevention/research initiatives, which are in their public health infancy.

Indexed as

AdultAge FactorsAnus NeoplasmsAutoimmune DiseasesFemaleGenital Neoplasms, FemaleHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedOrgan TransplantationPapillomavirus InfectionsPrecancerous ConditionsRisk AssessmentRisk Factorsanal cancerHIVincidenceMSMtransplantation

Identifiers

PMID32621759
PMCPMC7689909
OpenAlexW3038717382

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.