ArticleBMC medical informatics and decision making2020
A risk calculator to inform the need for a prostate biopsy: a rapid access clinic cohort.
Article in BMC medical informatics and decision making, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinical impact of MRI-based risk calculators for prostate cancer diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Poor handling of continuous predictors in clinical prediction models using logistic regression: a systematic review.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2023Pooled it
- Predicting intermediate-risk prostate cancer using machine learning.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- Article
- Implications of the European Association of Urology Recommended Risk Assessment Algorithm for Early Prostate Cancer Detection.European urology open science · 2022Article
- Accommodating heterogeneous missing data patterns for prostate cancer risk prediction.BMC medical research methodology · 2022Article
- Article
- A Novel Combination of Serum Markers in a Multivariate Model to Help Triage Patients Into "Low-" and "High-Risk" Categories for Prostate Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Review
- Integrating Serum Biomarkers into Prediction Models for Biochemical Recurrence Following Radical Prostatectomy.Cancers · 2021Article
- Microfluidics at Fiber Tip for Nanoliter Delivery and Sampling.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Article
- Integrating inflammatory serum biomarkers into a risk calculator for prostate cancer detection.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProstate cancer (PCa) represents a significant healthcare problem. The critical clinical question is the need for a biopsy. Accurate risk stratification of patients before a biopsy can allow for individualised risk stratification thus improving clinical decision making. This study aims to build a risk calculator to inform the need for a prostate biopsy.
methodsUsing the clinical information of 4801 patients an Irish Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator (IPRC) for diagnosis of PCa and high grade (Gleason ≥7) was created using a binary regression model including age, digital rectal examination, family history of PCa, negative prior biopsy and Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level as risk factors. The discrimination ability of the risk calculator is internally validated using cross validation to reduce overfitting, and its performance compared with PSA and the American risk calculator (PCPT), Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group (PBCG) and European risk calculator (ERSPC) using various performance outcome summaries. In a subgroup of 2970 patients, prostate volume was included. Separate risk calculators including the prostate volume (IPRCv) for the diagnosis of PCa (and high-grade PCa) was created.
resultsIPRC area under the curve (AUC) for the prediction of PCa and high-grade PCa was 0.6741 (95% CI, 0.6591 to 0.6890) and 0.7214 (95% CI, 0.7018 to 0.7409) respectively. This significantly outperforms the predictive ability of cancer detection for PSA (0.5948), PCPT (0.6304), PBCG (0.6528) and ERSPC (0.6502) risk calculators; and also, for detecting high-grade cancer for PSA (0.6623) and PCPT (0.6804) but there was no significant improvement for PBCG (0.7185) and ERSPC (0.7140). The inclusion of prostate volume into the risk calculator significantly improved the AUC for cancer detection (AUC = 0.7298; 95% CI, 0.7119 to 0.7478), but not for high-grade cancer (AUC = 0.7256; 95% CI, 0.7017 to 0.7495). The risk calculator also demonstrated an increased net benefit on decision curve analysis.
conclusionThe risk calculator developed has advantages over prior risk stratification of prostate cancer patients before the biopsy. It will reduce the number of men requiring a biopsy and their exposure to its side effects. The interactive tools developed are beneficial to translate the risk calculator into practice and allows for clarity in the clinical recommendations.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.