Observational studyThe Journal of infection2020
Clinical recurrences of COVID-19 symptoms after recovery: Viral relapse, reinfection or inflammatory rebound?
Abstract readLetterMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph
Observational study in The Journal of infection, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
173citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
173 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- The prevalence of adaptive immunity to COVID-19 and reinfection after recovery - a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Pathogens and global health · 2022Pooled it
- Hospital readmissions and post-discharge all-cause mortality in COVID-19 recovered patients; A systematic review and meta-analysis.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2022Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Is a New Challenge for the Effectiveness of Global Vaccination Campaign: A Systematic Review of Cases Reported in Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review on the recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 virus: frequency, risk factors, and possible explanations.Infectious diseases (London, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Characteristics of COVID-19 Recurrence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Annals of global health · 2021Pooled it
- Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 infections and their potential risk to public health - a systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Reinfection or Reactivation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2021Pooled it
- Is recurrence possible in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Case series and systematic review of literature.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 recurrent RNA positivity after recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2020Pooled it
- Post-steroid rebound in COVID-19 pneumonitis: a case series and review of the literature.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Review
- Kalman Filter-Based Epidemiological Model for Post-COVID-19 Era Surveillance and Prediction.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A quantum mechanics-based framework for infectious disease modeling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- COVID-19-Related Stress Events and College Student Mental Health During Home Quarantine: The Mediating Role of Negative Cognitive Emotion Regulation and the Moderating Role of Meaning in Life.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Article
- The evolutionary cost of homophily: Social stratification facilitates stable variant coexistence and increased rates of evolution in host-associated pathogens.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- The relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and type 1 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- The evolutionary cost of homophily: social stratification facilitates stable variant coexistence and increased rates of evolution in host-associated pathogens.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Rebound With and Without Use of COVID-19 Oral Antivirals.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2023Review
- Impacts of Covid-19 & black fungus on diabetes patients in India.African health sciences · 2023Article
- Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: analysis of 35,000 subjects and overview of systematic reviews.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Article
113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Marie GousseffService de Medecine interne, Maladies Infectieuses, hematologie, Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique, 20, boulevard Maurice Guillaudot, 56000 Vannes, France. Electronic address: marie.gousseff@ch-bretagne-atlantique.fr.
Pauline PenotHôpital intercommunal André Grégoire, groupement hospitalier Grand Paris Nord Est, 56, boulevard de la Boissière, 93100 Montreuil, France. Electronic address: pauline.penot@ght-gpne.fr.
Laure GallayService Médecine Interne, Pr Hot, INMG CNRS UMR5310 INSERM U1217, Place d'arsonvaal, 69003 Lyon, France. Electronic address: laure.gallay@chu-lyon.fr.
Dominique BatisseDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cochin-Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris. 1, place parvis Notre Dame, 75014 Paris, France.
Nicolas BenechService des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital de La Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 103, Grande Rue de La Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France. Electronic address: nicolas.benech@chu-lyon.fr.
Kevin BouillerDepartment of infectious disease, University Hospital of Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France; UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France. Electronic address: kbouiller@chu-besancon.fr.
Rocco CollarinoService des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Assistance publique- hôpitaux de Paris, Centre hospitalier universitaire Bicêtre, 78 rue du général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. Electronic address: rocco.collarino@aphp.fr.
Anne ConradService des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital de La Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 103, Grande Rue de La Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France. Electronic address: anne.conrad@chu-lyon.fr.
Dorsaf SlamaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cochin-Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance, Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris. 1, place parvis Notre Dame, 75014 Paris, France.
Cédric JosephService des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Place Victor Pauchet 80054 Amiens, France. Electronic address: joseph.cedric@chu-amiens.fr.
Adrien LemaignenService de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, CHRU de Tours, Hôpital Bretonneau, Université de Tours, 2, Boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France. Electronic address: adrien.lemaignen@univ-tours.fr.
François-Xavier LescureAP-HP, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Bichat-Claude Bernard University, Hospital, Paris, France; University of Paris, French Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), IAME, U1137, Team DesCID, Paris, France. 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France. Electronic address: xavier.lescure@aphp.fr.
Bruno LevyService de Médecine Intensive et Reanimation Brabois, CHRU Nancy, Pôle Cardio-Médico-Chirurgical, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INSERM U1116, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, and Université de Lorraine, France.
Matthieu MahevasService de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France. IMRB - U955 - INSERM Equipe n°2 "Transfusion et maladies du globule rouge" EFS Île-de-France, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, 51, avenue du Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France. Electronic address: matthieu.mahevas@aphp.fr.
Bruno PozzettoGIMAP (EA 3064), University of Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, 42023 cedex 02 Saint-Etienne, France. Electronic address: bruno.pozzetto@chu-st-etienne.fr.
Nicolas VignierGroupe hospitalier Sud Ile de France & INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de, Santé Publique (IPLESP), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, 270 avenue Marc Jacquet, 77 000 Melun, France.
Benjamin WyploszService des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Assistance publique- hôpitaux de Paris, Centre hospitalier universitaire Bicêtre, 78 rue du général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. Electronic address: Benjamin.wyplosz@aphp.fr.
Dominique SalmonDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cochin-Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance, Publique -Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), University of Paris. 1, place parvis Notre Dame, 75014 Paris, France. Electronic address: Dominique.salmon@aphp.fr.
Francois GoehringerService de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Hôpitaux de Brabois, Rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandoeuvre Lés Nancy, France. Electronic address: f.goehringer@chru-nancy.fr.
Elisabeth Botelho-NeversInfectious Diseases Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, 42055 cedex 02 Saint-Etienne, GIMAP (EA 3064), France; University of Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, 42023 cedex 02 Saint-Etienne, France. Electronic address: elisabeth.botelho-nevers@chu-st-etienne.fr.
in behalf of the COCOREC study group
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For the first 3 months of COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 was expected to be an immunizing non-relapsing disease. We report a national case series of 11 virologically-confirmed COVID-19 patients having experienced a second clinically- and virologically-confirmed acute COVID-19 episode. According to the clinical history, we discuss either re-infection or reactivation hypothesis. Larger studies including further virological, immunological and epidemiologic data are needed to understand the mechanisms of these recurrences.
Indexed as
AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBetacoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19FemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsPneumonia, ViralRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, Viral
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.