Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32617983›Full record

ArticleThe Laryngoscope2020

Mood, Anxiety and Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19: Evidence of Central Nervous System Involvement?

Marlene M Speth, Thirza Singer-Cornelius, Michael Oberle, Isabelle Gengler, Steffi J Brockmeier, Ahmad R Sedaghat

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Laryngoscope, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04789499 (Smell in Covid-19 and Efficacy of Nasal Theophylline), which is not on this map. Cited by 56 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04789499 phase2completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Smell in Covid-19 and Efficacy of Nasal Theophylline

TypeinterventionalSponsorWashington University School of MedicineRan2021 to 2021Enrolled51ConditionsCovid19, Anosmia, Olfactory Disorder, Covid-19 PandemicArmsTheophylline Powder, Placebo Comparator
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Neurological manifestations of coronavirus infections - a systematic review.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2020
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  13. COVID-19-related chemosensory changes: Findings from a prospective national database.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Marlene M SpethDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.
Thirza Singer-CorneliusDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.
Michael OberleInstitute for Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.
Isabelle GenglerDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.
Steffi J BrockmeierDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.
Ahmad R SedaghatDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.ORCID 0000-0001-6331-2325
Kantonsspital Aarau · CHUniversity of Cincinnati Medical Center · US

Funding

Kantonsspital Aarau, Department of Otolaryngology, Research Council KSA 1410.000.128
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the burden of depressed mood and anxiety in COVID-19, and associated disease characteristics. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis is a prospective, cross-sectional study of 114 COVID-19 positive patients diagnosed using RT-PCR-based testing over a 6-week period. The two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) and the two-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-2) were used to measure depressed mood and anxiety level, respectively, at enrollment and for participants' baseline, pre-COVID-19 state. Severity of smell loss, loss of taste, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea/mucus production, fever, cough, and shortness of breath (SOB) during COVID-19 were assessed.

resultsPHQ-2 and GAD-2 significantly (P < .001) increased from baseline to enrollment. PHQ-2 was associated with smell loss (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] = 1.40, 95% CI, 1.10-1.78, P = .006), age (aIRR = 1.02, 95% CI, 1.01-1.04, P = .006), and baseline PHQ-2 score (aIRR = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.09-1.76, P = .007). GAD-2 score was associated with smell loss (aIRR = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.02-1.62, P = .035), age (aIRR = 1.02, 95% CI, 1.01-1.04, P = .025) and baseline GAD-2 score (aIRR = 1.55, 95% CI, 1.24-1.93, P < .001). Loss of taste also exhibited similar associations with PHQ-2 and GAD-2. PHQ-2 and GAD-2 scores were not associated with severities of any other symptoms during the COVID-19 course.

conclusionsDespite the occurrence of symptoms-such as SOB-associated with severe manifestations of COVID-19, only the severities of smell and taste loss were associated with depressed mood and anxiety. These results may raise the novel possibility of emotional disturbance as a CNS manifestation of COVID-19 given trans-olfactory tract penetration of the central nervous system (CNS) by coronaviruses. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 130:2520-2525, 2020.

Indexed as

SARS-CoV-2AdultAgedAnxietyCentral Nervous SystemCOVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOlfaction DisordersProspective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexTaste DisordersCoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, SARS-CoV-2, mood, depression, anxiety, anosmia, hyposmia, olfactory dysfunction, olfactory function, gustatory dysfunction, gustatory function, olfaction, smell, taste, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea

Identifiers

PMID32617983
PMCPMC7361512
OpenAlexW3039679645

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.