ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2020
Rat-Bite Fever in the United States: An Analysis Using Multiple National Data Sources, 2001-2015.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rat Bite Fever: It's Still a Threat.Journal of hand surgery global online · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics based design of a multiepitope vaccine targetingOpen medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Silent Carriers: The Role of Rodents in the Emergence of Zoonotic Bacterial Threats.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Rat-Bite Fever due to the genusAIMS microbiology · 2024Review
- Rat bite fever mimicking ANCA-associated vasculitis.Rheumatology international · 2023Review
- Rat-Bite Fever in a 34-Year-Old Female.Cureus · 2023Article
- A Review of Zoonotic Disease Threats to Pet Owners: A Compendium of Measures to Prevent Zoonotic Diseases Associated with Non-Traditional Pets: Rodents and Other Small Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians, Backyard Poultry, and Other Selected Animals.Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2022Review
- Article
- Rat bite fever with osteomyelitis and discitis: case report and literature review.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRat-bite fever is a rare disease associated with rat bites or direct/indirect rodent contact.
methodsWe examined rat-bite fever and rat-bite injury diagnoses in the United States during 2001-2015. We analyzed national, state, and Indian Health Service healthcare encounter datasets for rat-bite fever and rat-bite injury diagnoses. We calculated average-annual encounter rates per 1 000 000 persons.
resultsNationally, the rat-bite fever Emergency Department visit rate was 0.33 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19-0.47) and the hospitalization rate was 0.20 (95% CI, 0.17-0.24). The rat-bite injury Emergency Department visit rate was 10.51 (95% CI, 10.13-10.88) and the hospitalization rate was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.23-0.30). The Indian Health Service Emergency Department/outpatient visit rate was 3.00 for rat-bite fever and 18.89 for rat-bite injury. The majority of rat-bite fever encounters were among individuals 0-19 years of age.
conclusionsOur results support the literature that rat-bite fever is rare and affects children and young adults. Targeted education could benefit specific risk groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.