ArticleScientific reports2020
ULK1 and ULK2 are less redundant than previously thought: computational analysis uncovers distinct regulation and functions of these autophagy induction proteins.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preclinical evaluation of GW406108X, a broad-spectrum therapeutic blocking ULK1/2-mediated autophagy to inhibit enterovirus replication.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Review
- The ULK1-NCOA3 axis restrains de novo lipogenesis and prevents diet-induced steatohepatitis and fibrosis in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- ULK1 promotes metastatic progression in experimental models of epithelial ovarian cancer.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Article
- ULK1 drives NDP52-mediated selective autophagic degradation of MHC-I to promote immune evasion in HPV-positive head and neck cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of MRT68921 and Afatinib in Three-Dimensional Models of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.Cancers · 2026Article
- Autophagy and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Molecular dynamics simulations provide insights into ULK-101 potency and selectivity toward autophagic kinases ULK1/2.Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics · 2025Article
- The Parkinson Disease-Associated Mutant DNAJC13(N855S) Leads to Its Accelerated Degradation and Negatively Affects Macroautophagy and Retromer Complex-Mediated Dynamics.Journal of cellular physiology · 2025Article
- Regulation of N-degron recognin-mediated autophagy by the SARS-CoV-2 PLpro ubiquitin deconjugase.Autophagy · 2025Article
- Multi-omics study reveals differential expression and phosphorylation of autophagy-related proteins in autism spectrum disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Autophagy and cancer therapy.Cancer letters · 2024Review
- WIPI2b recruitment to phagophores and ATG16L1 binding are regulated by ULK1 phosphorylation.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- Palmitoylation of ULK1 by ZDHHC13 plays a crucial role in autophagy.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Physiological functions of ULK1/2.Journal of molecular biology · 2024Review
- The nonautophagic functions of autophagy-related proteins.Autophagy · 2024Review
- ULK2 Is a Key Pro-Autophagy Protein That Contributes to the High Chemoresistance and Disease Relapse in FLT3-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Autophagy in Its (Proper) Context: Molecular Basis, Biological Relevance, Pharmacological Modulation, and Lifestyle Medicine.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- FNDC5 inhibits autophagy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and promotes their survival after transplantation by downregulating Sp1.Cell death discovery · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Macroautophagy, the degradation of cytoplasmic content by lysosomal fusion, is an evolutionary conserved process promoting homeostasis and intracellular defence. Macroautophagy is initiated primarily by a complex containing ULK1 or ULK2 (two paralogs of the yeast Atg1 protein). To understand the differences between ULK1 and ULK2, we compared the human ULK1 and ULK2 proteins and their regulation. Despite the similarity in their enzymatic domain, we found that ULK1 and ULK2 have major differences in their autophagy-related interactors and their post-translational and transcriptional regulators. We identified 18 ULK1-specific and 7 ULK2-specific protein motifs serving as different interaction interfaces. We found that interactors of ULK1 and ULK2 all have different tissue-specific expressions partially contributing to diverse and ULK-specific interaction networks in various tissues. We identified three ULK1-specific and one ULK2-specific transcription factor binding sites, and eight sites shared by the regulatory region of both genes. Importantly, we found that both their post-translational and transcriptional regulators are involved in distinct biological processes-suggesting separate functions for ULK1 and ULK2. Unravelling differences between ULK1 and ULK2 could lead to a better understanding of how ULK-type specific dysregulation affects autophagy and other cellular processes that have been implicated in diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.