ArticlePLoS pathogens2020
Single cell heterogeneity in influenza A virus gene expression shapes the innate antiviral response to infection.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-cell RNA sequencing offers novel perspectives in viral infection research.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- A functional genomics-pharmacotranscriptomics framework identifies host-directed anti-influenza agents.iScience · 2026Article
- Comparative Gene Expression Patterns of Two EcobNPV Strains inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Single-cell heterogeneity in interferon induction potential is heritable and governed by variation in cell state.Cell systems · 2026Article
- Heterogeneous viral-host response at single-cell resolution and viral adaptive mutational atlas in birds and mammals upon H5 influenza virus infection.National science review · 2026Article
- Naturally occurring mutations in replication proteins of a small RNA virus that alter the number, sizes, and relative abundances of subgenomic RNAs.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Computational identification of novel therapeutic candidates for Streptococcus pyogenes and influenza A coinfections through transcriptomic-based drug repositioning.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Detailed single-cell mapping of the transcriptional response to a virus infection driven by copy-back viral genomes.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Viral lineage and mode of exposure modulate within-host spatial dynamics of influenza A viruses in a guinea pig model.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Secondary analysis of influenza a virus-infected cells at single-cell resolution reveals host BANF1 response to individual and combinations of detected segments.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Live-cell single-vRNP imaging identifies viral gene expression signatures that shape influenza infection heterogeneity.Cell systems · 2026Article
- Interferon-β induction heterogeneity during KSHV infection is correlated to levels and activation of the transcription factors ATF2 and RelA, and not IRF3.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Intrinsic OASL expression governs heterogeneity in interferon induction during influenza A virus infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Detailed single-cell mapping of the transcriptional response to a virus infection driven by copy-back viral genomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Single-cell heterogeneity in interferon induction potential is heritable and governed by variation in cell state.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Human Assembloid Model of Emergent Neurotropic Enteroviruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Viral lineage and mode of exposure modulate within host spatial dynamics of influenza A viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Interferon-β induction heterogeneity during KSHV infection is correlated to levels and activation of the transcription factors ATF2 and RelA, and not IRF3.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- CRISPR with Transcriptional Readout reveals influenza transcription is modulated by NELF and can precipitate an interferon response.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Network based simultaneous embedding of cells and marker genes from scRNA-seq studies.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Viral infection outcomes are governed by the complex and dynamic interplay between the infecting virus population and the host response. It is increasingly clear that both viral and host cell populations are highly heterogeneous, but little is known about how this heterogeneity influences infection dynamics or viral pathogenicity. To dissect the interactions between influenza A virus (IAV) and host cell heterogeneity, we examined the combined host and viral transcriptomes of thousands of individual cells, each infected with a single IAV virion. We observed complex patterns of viral gene expression and the existence of multiple distinct host transcriptional responses to infection at the single cell level. We show that human H1N1 and H3N2 strains differ significantly in patterns of both viral and host anti-viral gene transcriptional heterogeneity at the single cell level. Our analyses also reveal that semi-infectious particles that fail to express the viral NS can play a dominant role in triggering the innate anti-viral response to infection. Altogether, these data reveal how patterns of viral population heterogeneity can serve as a major determinant of antiviral gene activation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.