ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2020
Herbicide, fumigant, and fungicide use and breast cancer risk among farmers' wives.
Article in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Updating our quantification of non-occupational pesticide exposure in agricultural settings: A revised algorithm for the Agricultural Health Study.Environmental advances · 2026Article
- Occupational pesticide use and relative leukocyte telomere length in the biomarkers of exposure and effect in agriculture study.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Exposure to Pesticides and Breast Cancer in an Agricultural Region in Brazil.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Occupational farm work activities influence workers' indoor home microbiome.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Application of the Key Characteristics Framework to Identify Potential Breast Carcinogens Using Publicly AvailableEnvironmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Safety Measures, Pesticide Concerns and Resources Utilized among Young Adult Workers: A Brief Report.Journal of agromedicine · 2023Article
- Occupational exposure to pesticides dysregulates systemic Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and correlates with poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Brief research report pesticide occupational exposure leads to significant inflammatory changes in normal mammary breast tissue.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Investigation of Relationships Between the Geospatial Distribution of Cancer Incidence and Estimated Pesticide Use in the U.S. West.GeoHealth · 2022Article
- Antifungal Activity ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Breast Cancer Risk: A Rapid Review of Human, Animal, and Cell-Based Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Evidence from epidemiologic and laboratory studies relating pesticides to breast cancer risk is inconsistent. Women engaging in agricultural work or living in agricultural areas may experience appreciable exposures to a wide range of pesticides, including herbicides, fumigants, and fungicides.
methodsWe examined exposure to herbicides, fumigants, and fungicides in relation to breast cancer risk among farmers' wives with no prior history of breast cancer in the Agricultural Health Study. Women provided information on pesticide use, demographics, and reproductive history at enrollment (1993-1997) and at a 5-year follow-up interview. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate associations (hazard ratios [HRs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) between the women's and their husbands' self-reported use of individual pesticides and incident breast cancer risk.
resultsOut of 30,594 women, 38% reported using herbicides, fumigants, or fungicides and 1,081 were diagnosed with breast cancer during a median 15.3 years of follow-up. We found elevated risk in relation to women's ever use of the fungicide benomyl (HR = 1.6; 95% CI = 0.9, 2.7) and the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) (HR = 1.6; 95% CI = 0.8, 3.1) and to their husbands' use of the herbicide 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid (2,4,5-TP) (HR = 1.5; 95% CI = 0.9, 2.7). We observed few other chemical associations and little evidence of differential risk by tumor estrogen receptor status or linear exposure-response relationships.
conclusionWe did not observe clear excesses between use of specific pesticides and breast cancer risk across exposure metrics, although we did observe elevated risk associated with women's use of benomyl and 2,4,5-T and husbands' use of 2,4,5-TP.
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