Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32611916›Full record

ArticleThe Indian journal of medical research2020

Healthcare workers & SARS-CoV-2 infection in India: A case-control investigation in the time of COVID-19.

Pranab Chatterjee, Tanu Anand, Kh Jitenkumar Singh, Reeta Rasaily, Ravinder Singh, Santasabuj Das, Harpreet Singh, Ira Praharaj, Raman R Gangakhedkar, Balram Bhargava and 1 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Indian journal of medical research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
118citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

118 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 202 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Effectiveness of face masks for reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a rapid systematic review.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023
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  8. Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy · 2021
    Pooled it
  9. Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for prevention and treatment of COVID-19.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
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58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Pranab ChatterjeeTranslational Global Health Policy Research Cell, New Delhi, India.
Tanu AnandMultidisciplinary Research Unit/Model Rural Health Research Unit, New Delhi, India.
Kh Jitenkumar SinghICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India.
Reeta RasailyDivision of Reproductive Biology, Maternal Health & Child Health, New Delhi, India.
Ravinder SinghDivision of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Santasabuj DasDivision of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Harpreet SinghInformatics, Systems & Research Management Cell, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Ira PraharajDivision of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Raman R GangakhedkarDivision of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Balram BhargavaDepartment of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Samiran PandaICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Indian Council of Medical Research · INAssociation of Maternal and Child Health Programs · USNational AIDS Research Institute · INNational Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases · INNational Institute of Medical Statistics · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND &

objectivesHealthcare workers (HCWs) are at an elevated risk of contracting COVID-19. While intense occupational exposure associated with aerosol-generating procedures underlines the necessity of using personal protective equipment (PPE) by HCWs, high-transmission efficiency of the causative agent [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] could also lead to infections beyond such settings. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a repurposed antimalarial drug, was empirically recommended as prophylaxis by the National COVID-19 Task Force in India to cover such added risk. Against this background, the current investigation was carried out to identify the factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs in the country.

methodsA case-control design was adopted and participants were randomly drawn from the countrywide COVID-19 testing data portal maintained by the ICMR. The test results and contact details of HCWs, diagnosed as positive (cases) or negative (controls) for SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), were available from this database. A 20-item brief-questionnaire elicited information on place of work, procedures conducted and use of PPE.

resultsCompared to controls, cases were slightly older (34.7 vs. 33.5 yr) and had more males (58 vs. 50%). In multivariate analyses, HCWs performing endotracheal intubation had higher odds of being SARS-CoV-2 infected [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-16.07]. Consumption of four or more maintenance doses of HCQ was associated with a significant decline in the odds of getting infected (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.22-0.88); a dose-response relationship existed between frequency of exposure to HCQ and such reductions (χ INTERPRETATIONS &

conclusionsUntil results of clinical trials for HCQ prophylaxis become available, this study provides actionable information for policymakers to protect HCWs at the forefront of COVID-19 response. The public health message of sustained intake of HCQ prophylaxis as well as appropriate PPE use need to be considered in conjunction with risk homoeostasis operating at individual levels.

Indexed as

Health PersonnelOccupational ExposurePandemicsAdolescentAdultAntimalarialsBetacoronavirusCase-Control StudiesCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19FemaleHumansHydroxychloroquineIndiaInfectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-ProfessionalIntubation, IntratrachealAntimalarialsHydroxychloroquineDose-response relationship - healthcare workers - hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis - personal risk management - rapid evidence generation - SARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID32611916
PMCPMC7530442
OpenAlexW3030748363

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.