ArticleTobacco control2021
Association between federal and California state policy violation among vape shops and neighbourhood composition in Southern California.
Article in Tobacco control, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Correlates of tobacco use among Asian and Pacific Islander youth and young adults in the U.S.: A systematic review of the literature.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Scoping of Policy Impacts for Regulating E-cigarettes (SPIRE): findings from a data and decision analytic model mapping project.NIHR open research · 2025Article
- Impacts of the Massachusetts 2019 An Act Modernizing Tobacco Control on tobacco retailer settings: A multi-methods study.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Evaluating trends in recruitment challenges in vape shop research, e-cigarette product characteristics and use among shop customers from 2019 to 2023: A mixed-methods study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Underage sales signage in vape shops: Comparison of stores near and far from California colleges.Journal of American college health : J of ACH · 2023Article
- An Assessment of Vape Shop Products in California before and after Implementation of FDA and State Regulations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Compliance to FDA's elimination of free tobacco product sampling at vape shops.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- Longitudinal Tracking of Vape Shop Compliance With State Business Regulations Within Southern California Ethnic Neighborhoods During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Evaluation & the health professions · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionPast studies have documented disparities in regulation compliance among tobacco retailers with respect to ethnic diversity in neighbourhoods. This study investigated the association between compliance with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and California state rules and neighbourhood ethnic composition of a vape shop location.
methodsWe recruited 122 vape shops located in 'ethnic enclave' neighbourhoods in Southern California. Trained teams of data collectors visited each of the consented vape shops and coded items in the shops that were visible and on display. Location data for the percentages of ethnic composition for a given city were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau, American FactFinder. Multilevel logistic regression models examined the relationship between the city-level neighbourhood ethnic composition and vape shop rule violation status: not displaying Ask4ID sign and offering free samples.
resultsVape shops located in neighbourhoods/communities with more white residents were significantly less likely to not display Ask4ID sign (p=0.03) and less likely to offer free sampling (p=0.009), controlling for other neighbourhood ethnic characteristics. DISCUSSION: Greater enforcement for proper signage display is needed for vape shops located in racial/ethnic minority locations to ensure that minors are discouraged from purchasing e-products.
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