ReviewESMO open2020
New emerging targets in cancer immunotherapy: CD137/4-1BB costimulatory axis.
Review in ESMO open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD137 agonists in mice suppress germinal center responses by increasing the immunosuppressive activity of follicular regulatory T-cells.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Development of Diagnostic Models and Biomarker Identification for Type 1 Leptomeningeal Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma Using Olink: Exploratory Cohort Study with Internal Temporal Validation.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- A phase 1 dose-finding and pharmacokinetic study of acasunlimab alone or in combination with pembrolizumab in Japanese patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Bispecific antibody AP402 targets p95HER2 and induces costimulation through CD137 to improve efficacy for HER2-positive tumors.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Literature Review and Case Report of Severe Lymphoproliferative Disease Secondary toJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Unraveling the inflammatory bridge: genomic evidence identifies TNFRSF9 as a potential biomarker linking Sjögren's syndrome to total risk non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- A macrophage MHC-I axis links intratumoral heterogeneity to terminal CD8NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Phase 1 Study of INBRX-105, a TNFRSF9 (4-1BB) and PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody, in Patients with Select Solid Tumors.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Co-delivery of chemokine CXCL9 and costimulatory ligand TNFSF9 by mesenchymal stem cells reprograms the immune microenvironment for triple-negative breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2026Article
- Immune crosstalk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: interactions between innate and adaptive immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Insights into the potential pathogenesis and therapeutic implications of ferroptosis in brain microvascular endothelial cells during stroke.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Non-classical immune checkpoint CD137/CD137L and CD200/CD200R expressions are regulated by the tumor immune microenvironment in lymph node aspirates from lung cancer patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Nanobioconjugate Trispecific Antibody Augments Antitumor Immunity of Triple Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Emerging ImmunoPET probes for precision cancer immunotherapy: molecular targets and translational applications.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- The potential of nanotechnology for photothermal therapy-based synergistic immunotherapy: a review.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Challenges and strategies in clinical applications of CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Can Immune Checkpoint Modulation Redefine Ocular Immunotherapy? Emerging Mechanisms, Challenges, and Translational Opportunities-A Comprehensive Review.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Review
- CD137L and colorectal cancer prognosis: Insights from clinical and TCGA data analysis.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2025Article
- Therapeutic targeting of cell death-immune crosstalk in cancer to rewire the tumor immune microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB) is a surface glycoprotein that belongs to the tumour necrosis factor receptor family (TNFRSF9). Its expression is induced on activation on a number of leucocyte types. Interestingly, for cancer immunotherapy, CD137 becomes expressed on primed T and natural killer (NK) cells, which on ligation provides powerful costimulatory signals. Perturbation of CD137 by CD137L or agonist monoclonal antibodies on activated CD8 T cells protects such antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from apoptosis, enhances effector functionalities and favours persistence and memory differentiation. As a consequence, agonist antibodies exert potent antitumour effects in mouse models and the CD137 signalling domain is critical in chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) of CAR T cells approved to be used in the clinic. New formats of CD137 agonist moieties are being clinically developed, seeking potent costimulation targeted to the tumour microenvironment to avoid liver inflammation side effects, that have thus far limited and delayed clinical development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.