Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32611475›Full record

ArticleBJPsych open2020

Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees resettling in high-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jens-R Henkelmann, Sanne de Best, Carla Deckers, Katarina Jensen, Mona Shahab, Bernet Elzinga, Marc Molendijk

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BJPsych open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07427056 (Impact of the War in Ukraine on the Mental Health of Refugees Residing in Spain), which is not on this map. Cited by 168 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
168citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07427056 completednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Impact of the War in Ukraine on the Mental Health of Refugees Residing in Spain

TypeobservationalSponsorInstitut Investigacio Sanitaria Pere VirgiliRan2024 to 2026Enrolled123ConditionsRefugee, Mental Health, War Injury
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

168 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Pooled it
  13. Pooled it
  14. Pooled it
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Article
  18. [Physical activity and physical activity promotion among people with a migration background in Germany].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jens-R HenkelmannFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Psychology Department, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
Sanne de BestFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Psychology Department, Leiden University.
Carla DeckersFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Psychology Department, Leiden University.
Katarina JensenFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Psychology Department, Leiden University.
Mona ShahabFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Psychology Department, Leiden University; and Clinical Epidemiological Department, Leiden University Medical Center.
Bernet ElzingaFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Psychology Department, Leiden University.
Marc MolendijkFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Clinical Psychology Department, Leiden University; and Leiden Institute of Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2204-9361

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe number of refugees is at its highest since the Second World War and on the rise. Many refugees suffer from anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but exact and up-to-date prevalence estimates are not available.

aimsTo report the pooled prevalence of anxiety and mood disorders and PTSD in general refugee populations residing in high-income countries and to detect sources of heterogeneity therein.

methodSystematic review with meta-analyses and meta-regression.

resultsSystematic searches (final search date 3 August 2019) yielded 66 eligible publications that reported 150 prevalence estimates (total sample N = 14 882). Prevalence rates were 13 and 42% (95% CI 8-52%) for diagnosed and self-reported anxiety, 30 and 40% (95% CI 23-48%) for diagnosed and self-reported depression, and 29 and 37% (95% CI 22-45%) for diagnosed and self-reported PTSD. These estimates are substantially higher relative to those reported in non-refugee populations over the globe and to populations living in conflict or war settings, both for child/adolescent and adult refugees. Estimates were similar over different home and resettlement areas and independent of length of residence.

conclusionsOur data indicate a challenging and persisting disease burden in refugees due to anxiety, mood disorders and PTSD. Knowing this is relevant for the development of public health policies of host countries. Scalable interventions, tailored for refugees, should become more readily available.

Indexed as

anxietydepressionmental healthPTSDRefugees

Identifiers

PMID32611475
PMCPMC7443922

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.