ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
Incidence and predictors of virological failure among adult HIV patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Amhara regional referral hospitals; Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Prevalence and predictors of virological failure among the people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in East Africa: evidence from a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression of published studies from 2016 to 2023.HIV research & clinical practice · 2025Pooled it
- Onset and predictors of first-line antiretroviral therapy treatment failure among children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Incidence, survival, and risk factors for first-line antiretroviral therapy failure among adults on ART follow-up in health facilities in Southwest Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Extracellular Trap-Related Genes as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Endometriosis.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Effect of Machine Learning on Risk Stratification for Antiretroviral Treatment Failure in People Living with HIV.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Incidence Rate, Survival Rate, and Predictors for Virological Failure Among Adult TB/HIV Coinfected Clients.Journal of tropical medicine · 2025Article
- Drug-Related Problems in HIV Treatment Failure.Cureus · 2024Article
- Article
- Epidemiological and virological characteristics of people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment for more than 6 months in virological failure in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo.Access microbiology · 2024Article
- Machine learning to predict virological failure among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, in Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2022.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Quality of Life and Associated Factors of HIV Patients Under Treatment with First Line Regimens in Public Hospitals in Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Article
- Predictors of Viral Load and Medication Adherence Among HIV-Positive Adults Under Treatment at Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North-West, Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Determinants of therapy failure among adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Asmara, Eritrea: a multicenter retrospective matched case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Predictors of unsuppressed viral load among adults on follow up of antiretroviral therapy at selected public and private health facilities of Adama town: unmached case-control study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- The impact of tuberculosis co-infection on virological failure among adults living with HIV in Ethiopia: A systematic review andJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2022Article
- The role of health facility and individual level characteristics on medication adherence among PLHIV on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Northeast Ethiopia: use of multi-level model.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Article
- Virologic failure in people living with HIV in 1st line ART: A 10-year Mexican population-based study.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2022Article
- Incidence and Predictors of Virological Failure Among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients on Second-Line Anti-Retroviral Therapy, in Selected Public Hospital of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Retrospective Follow-Up Study.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the United Nations program on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90-targets recommends achieving 90% of viral suppression for patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy by 2020, virological failure is still high and it remains a global public health problem. Therefore, assessing the incidence and predictors of virological failure among adult HIV patients on first-line ART in Amhara regional referral hospitals, Ethiopia is vital to design appropriate prevention strategies for treatment failure and preventing the unnecessary switching to second-line regimens.
methodAn institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted on 490 adult HIV patients. The simple random sampling technique was used, and data were entered into Epi data Version 4.2.0.0 and was exported to Stata version 14 for analysis. The proportional hazard assumption was checked, and the Weibull regression was fitted. Cox-Snell residual was used to test the goodness of fit, and the appropriate model was selected by AIC/BIC. Finally, an adjusted hazard ratio with a 95% CI was computed, and variables with P-value < 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were taken as significant predictors of virological failure.
resultsThe overall incidence rate of virological failure was 4.9 events per 1000 person-month observations (95%CI: 3.86-6.38). Users of CPT (AHR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.31-0.97), poor adherence (AHR = 5.46, 95%CI: 3.07-9.74), CD4 Count <=200 cells/mm
conclusionThe incidence rate of virological failure was high. CPT, poor adherence, low baseline CD4 count and NVP based first-line drug regimen were independent risk factors associated with virological failure. Therefore, strengthening HIV care intervention and addressing these significant predictors is highly recommended in the study setting.
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