ReviewTrends in cancer2020
Exosomal PD-L1: Roles in Tumor Progression and Immunotherapy.
Review in Trends in cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Correlation between exosomal PD-L1 and prognosis in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Pooled it
- NF-κB-driven immune checkpoint knockdown and cytokine expression in cancer cells for tumor immunotherapy.iScience · 2026Article
- Advances in vehicles for in situ delivery: From classical vectors to biologically inspired structures.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026Review
- Low SLC8A1 in Colorectal Cancer Dictates Radiotherapy Resistance Through Calcium-Dependent ANXA2Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Low-dose docetaxel reprograms CAR T cells for enhanced solid tumor immunity.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- Apatinib enhances anti-PD-1 efficacy by inhibiting Exo70-mediated exosome secretion in pMMR/MSS colorectal cancer.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- DDX10 RNA Helicase: Structure, Function, and Oncogenic Roles Across Solid and Hematologic Tumors.Genes · 2026Review
- Plasma extracellular vesicles reflect response and prognosis in patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant treatment.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Membrane Merger Dynamics in Exocytosis and Endocytosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Molecular innate immune programs of tumor-associated macrophages in immune checkpoint blockade resistance: a staged framework from suppressive circuitry to translational bottlenecks.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting Microbiome-Derived Exosomes to Overcome Cancer Therapy Resistance: Mechanisms, Implications, and Opportunities.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- PD-L1 Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells: Associations With Cell Metabolism.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Trophoblast-derived exosomes containing PD-L1 may have protective effects on preeclampsia by regulating Tregs.Medical review (2021) · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles: biogenesis mechanism and impacts on tumor immune microenvironment.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Targeting Exosomal PD-L1 as a New Frontier in Cancer Immunotherapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- The roles and applications of extracellular vesicles in cancer.Molecular oncology · 2025Review
- Unraveling exosome-mediated cancer therapy resistance: pathways and therapeutic challenges.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025Review
- Exosome-based immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Tumor Cells on Immune Evasion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Exosome-Derived Cargos in Immune Microenvironment in Esophageal Carcinoma: A Mini-Review.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2025Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint therapies targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) continue to show limited durable success in clinical cases despite widespread application. While some patients achieve complete responses and disease remission, others are completely resistant to the therapy. Recent evidence in the field suggests that tumor-derived exosomes could be responsible for mediating systemic immunosuppression that antagonizes anti-PD-1 checkpoint therapy. In this Opinion article, we discuss our claim that endogenous tumor exosomal PD-L1 and tumor-derived exosome-induced PD-L1 are two of the most notable mechanisms of exosome-mediated resistance against antitumor immunity and we discuss how this resistance could directly influence immune checkpoint therapy failure.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.