ArticleVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2020
CD68- and CD163-positive tumor-associated macrophages in triple negative cancer of the breast.
Article in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Role of CD68British journal of biomedical science · 2023Pooled it
- The Prognostic and Clinical Value of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Immune cell infiltrates as prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of pathology. Clinical research · 2021Pooled it
- Drug-free Immunotherapeutic Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Treating Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Reshape the Immuno-Mechanical Landscape: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages in cancer: from mechanisms to application.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Carcinomas exhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition manifest an M2 macrophage-enriched tumor immune microenvironment.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Comparative profiling of T cell and macrophage subsets in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- CD68- and CD163-positive tumor-associated macrophages in renal clear cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Peritumoral macrophages recruit eosinophils to promote antitumor immune responses in breast cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics for predicting infiltration levels of CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages in glioblastomas.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2025Article
- Dual roles and therapeutic targeting of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor microenvironments.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Review
- Prognostic impact of tumor‑associated stroma in triple-negative breast cancer.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment: The Crucial Role of Immune Cells.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Prognostic relevance of CD163Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity of breast cancer: a rare case report and review of the literature.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Induction of trained immunity in myeloid cells and their progenitors from thyroid cancer patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Macrophage subtypes inhibit breast cancer proliferation in culture.Molecular biology of the cell · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have recently been reported as an important factor in tumor growth and the progression of cancer. The prognostic significance of localizations and densities of TAMs in triple negative cancer (TNC) of the breast is not well understood. The aim of this study was to assess the localizations and densities of the TAMs subtype in TNC and examine their clinicopathological features. The study was based on 107 TNC cases operated on at Dokkyo Medical University Hospital using the pan-macrophage marker CD68 and the M2 macrophage marker CD163 in the tumor stroma (TS) and tumor nest (TN), respectively, and examined the clinicopathological significance. Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that age and CD163+ TAMs in both the TS and TN were independent prognostic factors for relapse-free survival and overall survival. No correlation was found between the number of CD68+ cells or the CD163/CD68 ratio either in TS or TN, or clinicopathological features. Our study found that infiltration of CD163+ TAMs, rather than CD68+, in both TS and TN was associated with poor prognosis in TNC patients by multivariate analysis. This suggests that CD163+ TAMs may affect the prognosis of TNC by not only regulating the immune reaction by TAMs in TS, but also because of their direct influence on TN.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.