ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)2020
Differences in association of leisure time activities and cognition in a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of older adults: Findings from the KHANDLE study.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between proximity to a lead-releasing facility and cognition in diverse cohorts.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Pooled it
- A continuous-time approach to short-term activity-cognition dynamics.Psychology and aging · 2026Article
- Language, Immigration, Race and Cognitive Health: Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Associations between self-reported change in lifestyle behaviors and brain health: Findings from the Healthy Brain Initiative.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- The importance of modifiable lifestyle factors for episodic memory: a gradient boosted tree analysis.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Does type or diversity of activities delay aging-related cognitive decline?Innovation in aging · 2026Article
- Leisure Activities of Service Users in Psychiatric Rehabilitation- An Overlooked Avenue for Social Inclusion? Results from a Comparative Cross-Sectional Survey.Community mental health journal · 2025Article
- How Modifiable Are Modifiable Dementia Risk Factors? A Framework for Considering the Modifiability of Dementia Risk Factors.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Review
- The association between activities and cognitive health: Stratified analysis byJournal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Associations between sporting physical activity and cognition in mid and later-life: Evidence from two cohorts.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2023Article
- Association of Early Adulthood Hypertension and Blood Pressure Change With Late-Life Neuroimaging Biomarkers.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Social engagement and its links to cognition differ across non-Hispanic Black and White older adults.Neuropsychology · 2022Article
- The relationship between cognitive engagement and better memory in midlife.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Impact of Sociodemographic Features and Lifestyle on Cognitive Performance of Peruvian Adults.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Association of Leisure Activities With Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults in Colombia: A SABE-Based Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Differences in association of leisure time activities and cognition in a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of older adults: Findings from the KHANDLE study.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionLeisure time activity is associated with better cognitive function but has not been well studied in racially/ethnically diverse cohorts, who may have different access to activities.
methodsFrequency of participation in 10 leisure time activities (eg, reading, attending cultural events) and cognition (executive function, semantic memory, and verbal episodic memory) were assessed at Wave 1 in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (KHANDLE) study, a prospective cohort initiated in 2017. Linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographics and depression estimated cross-sectional associations between leisure time activity variety and frequency and cognitive domains overall and by race/ethnicity. Logistic regression models estimated odds of cognitive impairment among those in the lowest quartiles of activity variety and frequency. All models controlled for age, sex, education, income, retirement status, and depression.
resultsHigher leisure time activity variety was significantly associated with better cognition for all, except for verbal episodic memory among Asians (β = 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.004, 0.11) and semantic memory among Latinos (β = 0.04, 95% CI: -0.01, 0.08). Low activity variety was associated with nearly three-fold increased odds of cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.77, 4.64). Activity frequency was associated with higher executive function only among whites (β = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.18). Patterns by race/ethnicity were not explained by education. DISCUSSION: Engaging in a wider variety of leisure time activities may be more important than frequently participating in fewer activities for cognitive aging in racially/ethnically diverse cohorts.
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