ArticleNeurology2020
Association of baseline semantic fluency and progression to mild cognitive impairment in middle-aged men.
Open access · bronzeAbstract readTwin Study
In one paragraph
Article in Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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18citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Neurocognitive and emotional benefits of choir singing and their mediating factors across adulthood.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- The Association Between Bilingual Animal Naming and Memory Among Bilingual Mexican American Older Adults.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2025Article
- History of chronic pain and opioid use is associated with cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2025Article
- Association of neighborhood disadvantage with cognitive function and cortical disorganization in an unimpaired cohort: An exploratory study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- After cochlear implantation in older adults, enhanced working memory does not fully mediate the relationship between CI and improved semantic fluency.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Irregular word reading as a marker of semantic decline in Alzheimer's disease: implications for premorbid intellectual ability measurement.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Cognitive Performance and Incident Alzheimer's Dementia in Men Versus Women.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Article
- Predictive Modeling Using a Composite Index of Sleep and Cognition in the Alzheimer's Continuum: A Decade-Long Historical Cohort Study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Epigenetic age acceleration as a biomarker for impaired cognitive abilities in adulthood following early life adversity and psychiatric disorders.Neurobiology of stress · 2023Article
- Diversity in verbal fluency performance and its associations with MRI-informed brain age matrices in normal ageing and neurocognitive disorders.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Differences in electroencephalography oscillations between normal aging and mild cognitive impairment during semantic memory retrieval.The European journal of neuroscience · 2023Article
- Alzheimer's Disease Polygenic Scores Predict Changes in Episodic Memory and Executive Function Across 12 Years in Late Middle Age.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2023Article
- Cognitive trajectories preluding the imminent onset of Alzheimer's disease dementia in individuals with normal cognition: results from the HELIAD cohort.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- Regression-Based Normative Data for Independent and Cognitively Active Spanish Older Adults: Verbal Fluency Tests and Boston Naming Test.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Depression and executive functioning bidirectionally impair one another across 9 years: Evidence from within-person latent change and cross-lagged models.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2021Article
- Serial Recall Order of Category Fluency Words: Exploring Its Neural Underpinnings.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Daniel E GustavsonFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.ORCID 0000-0002-1470-4928
Jeremy A ElmanFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.ORCID 0000-0002-5840-1769
Matthew S PanizzonFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.ORCID 0000-0002-6449-2097
Carol E FranzFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.ORCID 0000-0002-8987-1755
Jordan ZuberFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.
Mark Sanderson-CiminoFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.ORCID 0000-0002-5872-3186
Chandra A ReynoldsFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.ORCID 0000-0001-6502-7173
Kristen C JacobsonFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.
Hong XianFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.
Amy J JakFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.
Rosemary ToomeyFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.
Michael J LyonsFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.
William S KremenFrom the Department of Psychiatry (A.J.J.), Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging (D.E.G., J.A.E., M.S.P., C.E.F., J.Z., M.S.-C., W.S.K.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Department of Medicine (D.E.G.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychology (M.S.-C.), San Diego State University; Department of Psychology (C.A.R.), University of California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience (K.C.J.), University of Chicago, IL; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (H.X.), St. Louis University; Clinical Epidemiology Center (H.X.), Veterans Affairs St. Louis Healthcare System, MO; Psychology Service (A.J.J.) and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (A.J.J., W.S.K.), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA; and Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences (R.T., M.J.L.), Boston University, MA.ORCID 0000-0002-8629-5609
San Diego State University · US
Funding
The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cognition and Aging (VETSA 4)R01AG050595 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELMAN, JEREMY A, FRANZ, CAROL ELAINE · 2015 to 2024
$28.0MThe VETSA Longitudinal MRI Twin Study of AgingR01AG022381 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2003 to 2019
$22.3MAbstract
objectiveTo test the hypothesis that individual differences in episodic memory and verbal fluency in cognitively normal middle-aged adults will predict progression to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) after 6 years.
methodThe cohort analyzed included 842 male twins who were cognitively normal at baseline (mean 56 years) and completed measures of episodic memory and verbal fluency at baseline and again 6 years later (mean 62 years).
resultsPoor episodic memory predicted progression to both amnestic MCI (odds ratio [OR], 4.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.44-10.60) and nonamnestic MCI (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.32-3.44). Poor semantic verbal fluency also independently predicted progression to amnestic MCI (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.12-3.52). In the full sample, a semantic-specific fluency latent variable at wave 1 (which controls for letter fluency) predicted change in episodic memory at wave 2 (β = 0.13), but not vice versa (β = 0.04). Associations between episodic memory and verbal fluency factors were primarily explained by genetic, rather than environmental, correlations.
conclusionsAmong individuals who were cognitively normal at wave 1, episodic memory moderately to strongly predicted progression to MCI at average age 62, emphasizing the fact that there is still meaningful variability even among cognitively normal individuals. Episodic memory, which is typically a primary focus for Alzheimer disease (AD) risk, declined earlier and more quickly than fluency. However, semantic fluency at average age 56 predicted 6-year change in memory as well as progression to amnestic MCI even after accounting for baseline memory performance. These findings emphasize the utility of memory and fluency measures in early identification of AD risk.
Indexed as
Early DiagnosisSemanticsVerbal BehaviorCognitive DysfunctionDisease ProgressionHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMemory, EpisodicMiddle AgedRisk Factors
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