ArticleeLife2020
HA stabilization promotes replication and transmission of swine H1N1 gamma influenza viruses in ferrets.
Article in eLife, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transmission Pathways of Zoonotic Influenza Viruses and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Review of Recent Findings.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Identification of thermostability-enhancing mutations in H9N2 avian influenza virus hemagglutinin.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Fatal human H3N8 influenza virus has a moderate pandemic risk.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Resistance Mutations to Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Destabilize Hemagglutinin and Attenuate H1N1 Influenza Virus.Viruses · 2025Article
- Fatal Human H3N8 Influenza Virus has a Moderate Pandemic Risk.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Exploring Potential Intermediates in the Cross-Species Transmission of Influenza A Virus to Humans.Viruses · 2024Review
- Molecular Markers and Mechanisms of Influenza A Virus Cross-Species Transmission and New Host Adaptation.Viruses · 2024Review
- Article
- Imprint of ancestral and modern threats in human mind - experience of fear, disgust, and anger.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Existing Evidence for Influenza B Virus Adaptations to Drive Replication in Humans as the Primary Host.Viruses · 2023Review
- Hemagglutinin destabilization in H3N2 vaccine reference viruses skews antigenicity and prevents airborne transmission in ferrets.Science advances · 2023Article
- Antiviral Effect of Ginsenosides rk1 against Influenza a Virus Infection by Targeting the Hemagglutinin 1-Mediated Virus Attachment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Influenza Virus Infections in Polarized Cells.Viruses · 2022Review
- Swine H1N1 Influenza Virus Variants with Enhanced Polymerase Activity and HA Stability Promote Airborne Transmission in Ferrets.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- A single-amino-acid mutation at position 225 in hemagglutinin attenuates H5N6 influenza virus in mice.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- Relationship between hemagglutinin stability and influenza virus persistence after exposure to low pH or supraphysiological heating.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Review
- Review
- Cell-Culture Adaptation of H3N2 Influenza Virus Impacts Acid Stability and Reduces Airborne Transmission in Ferret Model.Viruses · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pandemic influenza A viruses can emerge from swine, an intermediate host that supports adaptation of human-preferred receptor-binding specificity by the hemagglutinin (HA) surface antigen. Other HA traits necessary for pandemic potential are poorly understood. For swine influenza viruses isolated in 2009-2016, gamma-clade viruses had less stable HA proteins (activation pH 5.5-5.9) than pandemic clade (pH 5.0-5.5). Gamma-clade viruses replicated to higher levels in mammalian cells than pandemic clade. In ferrets, a model for human adaptation, a relatively stable HA protein (pH 5.5-5.6) was necessary for efficient replication and airborne transmission. The overall airborne transmission frequency in ferrets for four isolates tested was 42%, and isolate G15 airborne transmitted 100% after selection of a variant with a stabilized HA. The results suggest swine influenza viruses containing both a stabilized HA and alpha-2,6 receptor binding in tandem pose greater pandemic risk. Increasing evidence supports adding HA stability to pre-pandemic risk assessment algorithms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.