Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32602363›Full record

ArticleThe Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association2021

Embryologically Based Classification Specifies Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Orofacial Cleft Subphenotypes.

Shariselle M W Pool, Lisanne M van der Lek, Kim de Jong, Christl Vermeij-Keers, Chantal M Mouës-Vink

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Comprehensive analysis ofmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
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  6. Self-perceived oral health and orofacial aesthetics of cleft patients.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Shariselle M W PoolDepartment of Plastic Surgery, 10173University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1415-103X
Lisanne M van der LekDepartment of Ear, Nose and Throat, 4480Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3745-4316
Kim de JongDepartment of Epidemiology, 4480Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3948-1046
Christl Vermeij-KeersDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 6993Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Chantal M Mouës-VinkDepartment of Plastic Surgery, 4480Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.
Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden · NLErasmus MC · NLUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA recently published validated classification system divides all orofacial cleft (OFC) subphenotypes into groups based on underlying developmental mechanisms, that is, fusion and differentiation, and their timing, that is, early and late periods, in embryogenesis of the primary and secondary palates.

aimsThe aim of our study was to define gender differences in prevalence for all subphenotypes in newborns with OFC in the Netherlands.

methodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study on children with OFC born from 2006 to 2016. Clefts were classified in early (E-), late (L-), and early/late (EL-) embryonic periods, in primary (P-), secondary (S-), and primary/secondary (PS-) palates, and further divided into fusion (F-), differentiation (D-), and fusion/differentiation (FD-) defects, respectively.

resultsA total of 2089 OFC children were analyzed (1311 males and 778 females). Orofacial cleft subphenotypes in females occurred significantly more frequent in the L-period compared to males (66% vs 55%,

conclusionsOrofacial cleft in females mainly occur in the L-period are mostly S-palatal clefts, and are usually the result of an F-defect. Orofacial cleft in males more commonly occur in the EL-periods, are therefore more often combined PS-palatal clefts, and are more frequent D- and FD-defects.

Indexed as

Cleft LipCleft PalateChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornMaleNetherlandsPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesSex Characteristicsclassificationembryologygenderorofacial cleftssubphenotypes

Identifiers

PMID32602363
PMCPMC7739112
OpenAlexW3038685008

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.