SynthesisPsychopharmacology2020
Prescription psychostimulants for the treatment of stimulant use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Psychopharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety of Stimulants Across Patient Populations: A Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Modafinil for Treatment of Amphetamine-Type Stimulant Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials: Efficacité et innocuité du modafinil pour le traitement des troubles liés à l'usage de stimulants de type amphétamine : revue systématique et méta-analyse d'essais randomisés contrôlés par placebo.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2024Pooled it
- The ASAM/AAAP Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Stimulant Use Disorder.Journal of addiction medicineGuideline
- Quality-of-life improvements associated with reductions in cocaine-positive urine drug screens.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2026Trial
- A single-blind, randomized, controlled contingency management trial on physiological indices and biomarkers of cardiovascular health in people with cocaine use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Trial
- Vitamin D's Capacity to Increase Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release in Healthy Humans: A Clinical Translational [Biological psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Influence of cocaine use reduction on markers of immune function.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Trial
- Associations Between Buprenorphine\Naloxone and Methadone Treatment and non-Opioid Substance Use in Prescription-Type Opioid Use Disorder: Secondary Analyses From the OPTIMA Study: Associations entre le traitement avec la buprénorphine/naloxone et avec la méthadone et l'utilisation de substances non opioïdes dans le trouble lié à l'usage d'opioïdes de type sur ordonnance : analyses secondaires de l'étude OPTIMA.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2024Trial
- Mixed amphetamine salts-extended release (MAS-ER) as a behavioral treatment augmentation strategy for cocaine use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Open-label pilot study of lisdexamfetamine for cocaine use disorder.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2021Trial
- What Dose of Methamphetamine Do Regular Consumers Use Daily? Estimating Oral Amphetamine Milligram Equivalents.Journal of addiction medicine · 2026Article
- Analyses of dextroamphetamine and its metabolites in human urine by capillary electrophoresis with diode array and capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-DAD-CAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Stakeholder-informed recommendations for patient-centered medication service delivery for stimulant use disorder: a qualitative study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Stimulant and non-stimulant ADHD medication prescriptions for homeless veteran service users with mental illness.Journal of psychiatric research · 2026Article
- From Control to Care: Reframing Medication Access Policies Through Public Health Ethics.The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2026Review
- Urgent response is needed to address the stimulant-fentanyl related overdose crisis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Diagnosis and Treatment of Stimulant-Related Emergencies.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Review
- Article
- Current insights into the safety and adverse effects of methylphenidate in children, adolescents, and adults - narrative review.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleAgonist-based pharmacologic intervention is an accepted approach in treatment of opioid and tobacco use disorders.
objectivesWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate usefulness of an agonist approach as treatment of (psycho)stimulant use disorder (PSUD).
methodsWe reviewed PubMed/Medline, LILACS, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases searching for randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-design studies evaluating outcomes of individuals treated for cocaine- or amphetamine-type substance use disorder. We combined results of all trials that included the following prescription psychostimulants (PPs): modafinil, methylphenidate, or amphetamines (mixed amphetamine salts, lisdexamphetamine, and dextroamphetamine). The combined sample consisted of 2889 patients. Outcomes of interest included the following: drug abstinence (defined as 2-3 weeks of sustained abstinence and the average maximum days of consecutive abstinence), percentage of drug-negative urine tests across trial, and retention in treatment. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses and assessed quality of evidence using the GRADE system.
resultsThirty-eight trials were included. Treatment with PPs increases rates of sustained abstinence [risk ratio (RR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (1.10, 1.92)] and duration of abstinence [mean difference (MD) = 3.34, 95% CI = (1.06, 5.62)] in patients with PSUD, particularly those with cocaine use disorder (very low-quality evidence). Prescription amphetamines were particularly efficacious in promoting sustained abstinence in patients with cocaine use disorder [RR = 2.44, 95% CI = (1.66, 3.58)], and higher doses of PPs were particularly efficacious for treatment of cocaine use disorder [RR = 1.95, 95% CI = (1.38, 2.77)] (moderate-quality evidence). Treatment with prescription amphetamines also yielded more cocaine-negative urines [MD = 8.37%, 95% CI = (3.75, 12.98)]. There was no effect of PPs on the retention in treatment.
conclusionPrescription psychostimulants, particularly prescription amphetamines given in robust doses, have a clinically significant beneficial effect to promote abstinence in the treatment of individuals with PSUD, specifically the population with cocaine use disorder.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.