ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Prevalent Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus with 2009 pandemic viral genes facilitating human infection.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 174 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 301 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and Heterogeneity of Swine Influenza Virus in China From 2010 to 2025: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Identification of the key amino acid mutations in the PB2 and PA proteins of classical swine H1N1 influenza A virus in mammalian adaptation.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- PRRSV Fetal Infection in Pigs as a Risk Factor for the Emergence of More Efficient Zoonotic Hosts for Swine-Origin Influenza Virus.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Genetic Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Recent G4 Eurasian Avian-like H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses in China.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Epistasis and pleiotropy constrain the evolution of cross-reactive breadth in a broadly neutralizing influenza antibody.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Characterizing the Epidemiology of Influenza A Viruses at the Swine-Human Interface: Study Protocol of the PigFluCam+ Project in Cambodia.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Antiviral Resistance in Influenza: Clinical and Public Health Implications.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Review
- A ferritin-based mosaic-like nanovaccine elicits effective cross-protection against H1N1 and H3N2 swine influenza viruses.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Multiplex serological profiling reveals diverse avian and mammalian influenza A virus exposure in swine.iScience · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine prevented lung consolidation following heterologous influenza A virus challenge in pigs.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Animal Models for Swine Influenza Virus Research: Pathology, Viral Dynamics, and Immune Responses.Viruses · 2026Review
- Article
- Genetic characterization of a novel triple-reassortant influenza A (H1N2) virus from pigs, China, 2021.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Risk Modelling of Influenza A Virus Within and Between Pig Herds in Northern Lao PDR.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Genetic Characterization and Pathogenicity of a Triple-Reassortant H1N1 Swine Influenza Virus Isolated in Guangdong.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Genetic Characterization of Swine Influenza Viruses in Thailand in 2019-2025 Reveals Novel Reassortants.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Porcine influenza mAbs to H3, H5, and H7 hemagglutinins recognize H3 egg adapted site and target the HA stem.Discovery immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Eurasian 1C swine influenza A virus exhibits high pandemic risk traits.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- High serological barriers may contribute to restricted Influenza-A-virus transmission between pigs and humans.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
23 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pigs are considered as important hosts or "mixing vessels" for the generation of pandemic influenza viruses. Systematic surveillance of influenza viruses in pigs is essential for early warning and preparedness for the next potential pandemic. Here, we report on an influenza virus surveillance of pigs from 2011 to 2018 in China, and identify a recently emerged genotype 4 (G4) reassortant Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 virus, which bears 2009 pandemic (pdm/09) and triple-reassortant (TR)-derived internal genes and has been predominant in swine populations since 2016. Similar to pdm/09 virus, G4 viruses bind to human-type receptors, produce much higher progeny virus in human airway epithelial cells, and show efficient infectivity and aerosol transmission in ferrets. Moreover, low antigenic cross-reactivity of human influenza vaccine strains with G4 reassortant EA H1N1 virus indicates that preexisting population immunity does not provide protection against G4 viruses. Further serological surveillance among occupational exposure population showed that 10.4% (35/338) of swine workers were positive for G4 EA H1N1 virus, especially for participants 18 y to 35 y old, who had 20.5% (9/44) seropositive rates, indicating that the predominant G4 EA H1N1 virus has acquired increased human infectivity. Such infectivity greatly enhances the opportunity for virus adaptation in humans and raises concerns for the possible generation of pandemic viruses.
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