ArticleBMC public health2020
Validation of depressive symptoms, social support, and minority stress scales among gay, bisexual, and other men who have with men (GBMSM) in Nigeria, Africa: a mixed methods approach.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Instruments Used to Measure Sexual Identity Minority Stress: A COSMIN Systematic Review.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Measurement instruments for sexual identity minority stress in adults: A scoping review.PloS one · 2026Article
- Psychometric properties of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support among university of Ibadan medical students.BMC psychology · 2025Observational
- Exploring LGBT2Q+ Intracategorical Factors in Mental Health Service Utilization: Differences in Gender Modalities, Sexual Orientations, and Ethnoracial Groups in Canada.Community mental health journal · 2024Article
- Individual-, Interpersonal- and Institutional-Level Factors Associated with HIV Stigma Among Youth in Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Determinants of body image disturbance and disordered eating behaviors among self-identified LGBTQ individuals.Journal of eating disorders · 2023Article
- Thwarted Belonging Needs: A Mechanism Prospectively Linking Multiple Levels of Stigma and Interpersonal Outcomes among Sexual Minorities.The Journal of social issues · 2023Article
- Sex differences in the psychometric properties of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) Scale in older Filipinos.PloS one · 2023Article
- Religiosity and Conversion Therapy is Associated with Psychosocial Health Problems among Sexual Minority Men (SMM) in Nigeria.Journal of religion and health · 2022Article
- Acceptability of and Preferences for Long-Acting Injectable HIV PrEP and Other PrEP Modalities among Sexual Minority Men in Nigeria, Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Psychological Problems Mediate the Relationship Between Minority Stress and HIV Sexual Risk Among Nigerian Men Who Have Sex with Men: Testing the Minority Stress Model.Archives of sexual behavior · 2021Article
- Transactional Sex Is Associated with Income Level and Psychosocial Health Problems among Gay and Bisexual Men (GBM) in Nigeria, Africa.Journal of sex research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in Nigeria experience social marginalization, discrimination and violence due to their sexual identity, which may negatively impact physical, mental, and sexual health outcomes. Studies on GBMSM in Africa utilize measurement scales developed largely for populations in the Global North. The validity and reliability of these instruments-to our knowledge-have never been thoroughly investigated among GBMSM in Nigeria. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity and reliability of the English versions of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-R), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and LGBT Minority Stress Measure among a large multi-state sample of GBMSM Nigeria.
methodsBetween January and June 2019, we conducted cognitive interviews (N = 30) and quantitative assessments (N = 406) with GBMSM in Nigeria. The cognitive interviews assessed comprehension of scale items and elicited suggestions for scale modifications. The quantitative assessment was used to gather psychosocial health data and to evaluate psychometric properties and construct validity of the modified scales. We utilized confirmatory factor analysis to assess factor structure, correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's alpha to examine scale validity and internal consistency.
resultsBased on participant feedback from the cognitive interviews, we made slight modifications (i.e., culturally appropriate word substitutions) to all three scales. Results of quantitative analyses indicated good psychometric properties including high factor loadings, internal consistency and construct validity among the CESD-R, MSPSS, and LGBT Minority Stress Measure among GBMSM in Nigeria.
conclusionThese results suggests that modifying research scales to be more culturally relevant likely do not jeopardize their validity and reliability. We found that modified scales measuring depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and minority stress among GBMSM in Nigeria remained valid. More research is needed to explore whether the psychometric properties remain if the scales are translated into broken English (Pidgin) and other traditional Nigerian languages (Yoruba, Igbo and Hausa).
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