ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2020
Multi-Material 3D and 4D Printing: A Survey.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed.
- Laser-Assisted Fused Filament Fabrication for Mechanical Strength Improvement of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyether Ether Ketone.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2026Article
- Latent Catalysis as a Platform for Accessing Diverse Material Properties in Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Dehydration-Driven Self-Curling for Programmable Multimetallic 3D Architectures.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Advances in Additive Manufacturing Electrochemistry.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Additive Manufacturing Using Multi-Materials: Materials, Processes, and Applications.Polymers · 2026Review
- 4D Printing of Magnetically Responsive Shape Memory Polymers: Toward Sustainable Solutions in Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Biomedical Devices.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Incorporating crystalline smart materials to fabricate 4D printed photomechanical actuators with photovoltaic performance.Smart molecules : open access · 2026Article
- Multi-Material Extrusion-Based 3D Printing of Hybrid Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Application.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evolution of 3D-Printed Microneedles toward Closed-Loop Theranostic Platforms.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Co-design of programmable material systems.NPJ metamaterials · 2026Review
- Selective infusion of spatially controlled domains via vat photopolymerization 3D-printing for chemically diverse multimaterial parts.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Material-Gradient Enabled Enhancement of Strength and Strain-Hardening of Lattice Structures.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- A 3D Printing Strategy for Hard Curved Surfaced Circuits: From Materials to Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Flexibly actuated pneumatic extrusion with in-situ monitoring for direct ink writing of heterogeneous and pressure-vulnerable materials.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Additive manufacturing of multi-material and hollow structures by Embedded Extrusion-Volumetric Printing.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Donor-π-Acceptor Photoinitiators for High-Efficiency Visible LED and Sunlight Polymerization and High-Precision 3D Printing.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Precise nanoscale fabrication technologies, the "last mile" of medicinal development.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Two Material Properties from One Wavelength-Orthogonal Photoresin Enabled by a Monochromatic Laser Integrated Stereolithographic Apparatus (Mono LISA).Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Hybrid Zwitterionic Hydrogels with Encoded Differential Swelling and Programmed Deformation for Small-Scale Robotics.Small methods · 2025Article
- 3D Printing of Porous Ceramics for Enhanced Thermal Insulation Properties.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent advances in multi-material 3D and 4D printing (time as the fourth dimension) show that the technology has the potential to extend the design space beyond complex geometries. The potential of these additive manufacturing (AM) technologies allows for functional inclusion in a low-cost single-step manufacturing process. Different composite materials and various AM technologies can be used and combined to create customized multi-functional objects to suit many needs. In this work, several types of 3D and 4D printing technologies are compared and the advantages and disadvantages of each technology are discussed. The various features and applications of 3D and 4D printing technologies used in the fabrication of multi-material objects are reviewed. Finally, new avenues for the development of multi-material 3D and 4D printed objects are proposed, which reflect the current deficiencies and future opportunities for inclusion by AM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.