Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32595555›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2020

Phenomenal Consciousness and Emergence: Eliminating the Explanatory Gap.

Todd E Feinberg, Jon Mallatt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Cephalopod Behavior: From Neural Plasticity to Consciousness.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2021
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Fetal Pain Perception:Annals of the Child Neurology Society · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Towards a neuroethological approach to consciousness.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. The search for invertebrate consciousness.Nous (Detroit, Mich.) · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. TheFrontiers in psychology · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Todd E FeinbergIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Psychiatry and Neurology, New York, NY, United States.
Jon MallattThe University of Washington, WWAMI Medical Education Program, The University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The role of emergence in the creation of consciousness has been debated for over a century, but it remains unresolved. In particular there is controversy over the claim that a "strong" or radical form of emergence is required to explain phenomenal consciousness. In this paper we use some ideas of complex system theory to trace the emergent features of life and then of complex brains through three progressive stages or levels:

Indexed as

animal consciousnesscomplex systemsevolutionexplanatory gapmultiple realizabilityneurobiologyphysicalismweak emergence

Identifiers

PMID32595555
PMCPMC7304239

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.