ArticleEndocrine2020
Islet, thyroid and transglutaminase antibodies in adult Bulgarian patients with type 1 diabetes.
Article in Endocrine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of Serum Thyroid Antibody Levels in Patients with Type-I and Type-II Diabetes without Thyroid Disease.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Various Systemic and Organ-Specific Autoimmune Markers in Addison's Disease Patients Compared to Healthy Controls.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimThe aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and relationship of islet antibodies and autoantibodies of the most common associated autoimmune diseases-autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and celiac disease, in adult Bulgarian patients with type 1 diabetes of short duration. MATERIAL AND
methods160 type 1 diabetes patients, of mean age 36.3 ± 10.9 years, mean BMI 23.0 ± 4.2 kg/m
results87.5% of the patients had one or more of the islet antibodies-78.1% had GAD 65-Ab, 53.1%-ZnT8-Ab, and 34.4%-IA 2-Ab. 5% presented as just ZnT8-Ab positive. GAD 65-Ab identified 90.6% of the antibody positive patients. The addition of IA 2-Ab as a second immunologic marker identified 94.4%, while the use of ZnT8-Ab in second place identified 98.8% of the cases. 24.4% presented with positive thyroid antibodies and 33.8% had AITD. No relation was found between any of the islet antibodies and AITD. None of the patients was TTG-IgA-Ab positive. No significant correlations were established between the antibodies with different organ specificity.
conclusionsIn adult Bulgarian type 1 diabetes patients ZnT8-Ab is an independent diagnostic marker rating second in prevalence and diagnostic significance after GAD 65-Ab. AITD affects about one third of this population and routine screening is required, while screening for celiac disease is not justified.
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