ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2020
The sex-specific patterns of changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding the Role of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The Impact of Sex Hormones on Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Against the Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Reproductive Dysfunction in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis.Experimental neurobiology · 2025Article
- Alterations in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis as a Response to Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis inBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Lipid metabolism is dysregulated in endocrine glands upon autoimmune demyelination.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Article
- Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Influences GH-Axis in Female Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The ameliorative effects of curcumin nanomicelle on testicular damage in the mouse model of multiple sclerosis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Article
- Modulating the RFamide-related peptide-3/G protein-coupled receptor 147 signaling pathway with nourishing Yin-removing fire herbal mixture to alleviate precocious puberty in female rats: An experimental study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2024Article
- Effects of perinatal exposure to bisphenol A or S in EAE model of multiple sclerosis.Cell and tissue research · 2023Article
- Article
- Characterization of sperm motility and testosterone secretion in theAnimal reproduction · 2023Article
- Testicular steroidogenesis is suppressed during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Function of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Involvement of Oxidative Stress Mediators.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis develops during reproductive years in a sex-specific manner. Various neuroendocrine changes have been described in this inflammatory, demyelinating, and debilitating disease. We here aimed to determine the extent and sex specificity of alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the rat model of multiple sclerosis named experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. During the disease course, the hypothalamic tissue showed transient upregulation of inflammatory marker genes Gfap, Cd68, Ccl2, and Il1b in both sexes, but accompanied by sex-specific downregulation of Kiss1 (in females only) and Gnrh1 (in males only) expression. In females, the expression of gonadotrope-specific genes Lhb, Cga, and Gnrhr was also inhibited, accompanied by decreased basal but not stimulated serum luteinizing hormone levels and a transient arrest of the estrous cycle. In contrast, Fshb expression and serum progesterone levels were transiently elevated, findings consistent with the maintenance of the corpora lutea, and elevated immunohistochemical labeling of ovarian StAR, a rate limiting protein in steroidogenic pathway. In males, downregulation of Gnrhr expression and basal and stimulated serum luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels were accompanied by inhibited testicular StAR protein expression. We propose that inflammation of hypothalamic tissue downregulates Kiss1 and Gnrh1 expression in females and males, respectively, leading to sex-specific changes downstream the axis.
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