SynthesisJournal of autism and developmental disorders2021
Effects of Multiple Schedules of Reinforcement on Appropriate Communication and Challenging Behaviors: A Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Interventions Involving Tablet-Based Speech-Generating Devices for Individuals with ASD: A Meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Exploring Teachers' Familiarity and Perceptions of Preference Assessments.Behavior analysis in practice · 2026Article
- The recognition and assessment of pain in people with profound intellectual disabilities by nurses: An appreciative inquiry.Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID · 2026Article
- Updated Recommendations for Reinforcement Schedule Thinning following Functional Communication Training.Behavior analysis in practice · 2024Review
- Intervention Plan Quality Matters: Using COMPASS to Collaboratively Develop Student-Centered, Evidence-based Intervention Plans using an EBPP Approach.Journal of educational and psychological consultation : the official journal of the Association for Educational and Psychological Consultants · 2024Article
- The impact of team psychological safety on employee innovative performance a study with communication behavior as a mediator variable.PloS one · 2024Article
- An Investigation of Functional Communication Training and Schedule Thinning Using a Multiple Schedule on Elopement to Access Stereotypy.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this review, we summarized and meta-analyzed 35 single-case intervention studies that involved the use of multiple schedules of reinforcement with 78 individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Based on Tau-U calculations, multiple schedules of reinforcement produced an overall large effect for appropriate communicative behavior and an overall moderate effect for challenging behavior. To evaluate variability in study outcomes, we conducted moderator analyses across 21 variables using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test. Our findings suggest that the use of response prompts significantly moderated the effects of multiple schedules of reinforcement for appropriate communicative behaviors. We discuss these findings and provide implications for future research and practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.