ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2020
Virtual reality in research and rehabilitation of gait and balance in Parkinson disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05769972 (Randomized, Single-blind Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Cognitive Rehabilitation Using Inmersive Virtual Reality and Computer-based Cognitive Stimulation Versus Music Therapy on Cognitive Impairment Associated With Movement Disorders), which is not on this map. Cited by 93 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized, Single-blind Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Cognitive Rehabilitation Using Inmersive Virtual Reality and Computer-based Cognitive Stimulation Versus Music Therapy on Cognitive Impairment Associated With Movement Disorders
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 216 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond motor: a systematic review of multisensory integration deficits in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Pooled it
- The role of virtual reality in balance training for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Application of virtual reality (VR) in the rehabilitation of neurological disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment parameters.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Virtual Reality Alone and in Combination with Conventional Therapy on Balance in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of virtual reality training on motor performance, activity of daily living, and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease: an umbrella review comprising meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of virtual reality-based rehabilitation for people with Parkinson's disease.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Pooled it
- Acceptability, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Technologies to Promote Exercise in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Pooled it
- The barriers and facilitators to satisfaction with botulinum neurotoxin treatment in people with cervical dystonia: a systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Pooled it
- Interventions for preventing falls in Parkinson's disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Differences Between Exergaming Rehabilitation and Conventional Physiotherapy on Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy of Virtual Reality and Exergaming in Improving Balance in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of virtual reality versus conventional balance training on balance function and fear of falling in older adults: a single blinded, randomized controlled trial.European geriatric medicine · 2026Trial
- A treadmill training program in a gamified virtual reality environment combined with transcranial direct current stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: Preliminary results of a mixed methods randomized controlled trial.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Trial
- Visual perturbation training to reduce visual dependency in Parkinson's disease: A randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Combining immersive exergaming with physiotherapy in a specialized intensive Parkinson's disease rehabilitation program: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Effects of balance training with visual input manipulations on balance performance and sensory integration in healthy young adults: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Enhancing medical education for undergraduates: integrating virtual reality and case-based learning for shoulder joint.BMC medical education · 2024Trial
- Brain modulation after exergaming training in advanced forms of Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Effects of virtual reality versus motor imagery versus routine physical therapy in patients with parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial.BMC geriatrics · 2024Trial
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising tool for studying and rehabilitating gait and balance impairments in people with Parkinson disease (PD) as it allows users to be engaged in an enriched and highly individualized complex environment. This Review examines the rationale and evidence for using VR in the assessment and rehabilitation of people with PD, makes recommendations for future research and discusses the use of VR in the clinic. In the assessment of people with PD, VR has been used to manipulate environments to enhance study of the behavioural and neural underpinnings of gait and balance, improving understanding of the motor-cognitive neural circuitry involved. Despite suggestions that VR can provide rehabilitation that is more effective and less labour intensive than non-VR rehabilitation, little evidence exists to date to support these claims. Nevertheless, much unrealized potential exists for the use of VR to provide personalized assessment and rehabilitation that optimizes motor learning in both the clinic and home environments and adapts to changes in individuals over time. Design of such systems will require collaboration between all stakeholders to maximize useability, engagement, safety and effectiveness.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.