ArticleScientific reports2020
Cigarette type or smoking history: Which has a greater impact on the metabolic syndrome and its components?
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Metabolic Reprogramming Driven by Modifiable Lifestyle Factors in Metabolic Syndrome and Alcohol-Related Liver Disease: A Narrative Review.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Associations of dual use and conventional cigarette smoking with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: a population-based study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Multisystem Toxicity of E-Cigarettes in Preclinical and Clinical Studies: Pathophysiologic Effects of E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposures from Head to Toe.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2026Review
- Age-Related Differences in Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors Linked to Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Exploring Vaping Patterns and Weight Management-Related Concerns among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Substance use and incidence of metabolic syndrome before midlife among military adults: the CHIEF cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Metabolic and Other Endocrine Elements with Regard to Lifestyle Choices: Focus on E-Cigarettes.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Association between having a meal together with family and smoking: a cross-sectional nationwide survey.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Review
- Association between smoking and obstructive sleep apnea based on the STOP-Bang index.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Meta-analysis of the effects of smoking and smoking cessation on triglyceride levels.Toxicology reports · 2023Article
- Association between smoking behavior and serum uric acid among the adults: Findings from a national cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Temporal associations between leukocytes DNA methylation and blood lipids: a longitudinal study.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Article
- Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in individuals with recent-onset psychosis at disease onset and after 1-year follow-up.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Association Between Graphic Health Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs and Smoking Cessation Attempts in Korean Adolescent Smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Tobacco smoking was positively associated with metabolic syndrome among patients with psoriasis in Shanghai: A cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2022Article
- Synergistic associations of visual and self-reported hearing acuity with low handgrip strength in older adults: a population-based cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2021Article
- Investigation of the Association between Smoking Behavior and Metabolic Syndrome Using Lipid Accumulation Product Index among South Korean Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Association between the severity of new-onset depression and unmet healthcare needs of South Korean adults.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Few studies have researched the gender-specific effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or its risk factors (central obesity, raised triglycerides, decreased HDL cholesterol, raised blood pressure, raised fasting plasma glucose). Thus, this study investigated the association between smoking behavior (cigarette type, smoking history) and MetS in a nationally representative sample of Korean men and women. Our study employed data for 5,462 cases of MetS and 12,194 controls from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the years 2014 to 2017. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the association between type of cigarette (non-smoker, ex-smoker, and current smoker-conventional only, current smoker-conventional and electronic) and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors. Smoking history was clinically quantified by pack-year. No association between cigarette type and MetS was found for men. For women, relative to non-smokers, smokers of conventional cigarettes (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.02-3.18) and both conventional and electronic cigarettes (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.48-10.93) had increased odds of MetS. While there was no association between smoking history and MetS for women, for men, conventional smoking history was associated with MetS for individuals with a smoking history of > 25 pack-years (> 25 to ≤ 37.5 OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.04-2.02; > 37.5 to ≤ 50 OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.08-2.18; > 50 OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.07-2.27). Sex differences were found in the association between smoking behavior and MetS. Such findings reveal sociodemographic differences that should be considered for interventions regarding conventional and/or e-cigarette users at risk of metabolic complications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.