ArticlePloS one2020
A chronic rejection model and potential biomarkers for vascularized composite allotransplantation.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of treatment strategies to combat acute and chronic rejection episodes in vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Where Do We Stand for Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation?Microsurgery · 2026Review
- Chronic Rejection in Facial Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (fVCA).Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Diagnostic modalities in vascularized composite allotransplantation: from histopathology to multimodal strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Roles of Macrophages in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Implementation of a CAM Assay Using Fibrosarcoma Spheroids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Chronic rejection models for vascularized composite tissue allotransplantation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- New Paradigms in Rejection Monitoring: Lymphocyte Subsets as Noninvasive Graft Markers in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity and tolerance induction in vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Review
- Methods of ex vivo analysis of tissue status in vascularized composite allografts.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Cellular activation pathways and interaction networks in vascularized composite allotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Heat Shock Protein Upregulation Supplemental to Complex mRNA Alterations in Autoimmune Glaucoma.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Trends, Gaps, and Collaboration in Facial Transplantation: A Bibliometric Study.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic rejection remains the Achilles heel in vascularized composite allotransplantation. Animal models to specifically study chronic rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation do not exist so far. However, there are established rat models to study chronic rejection in solid organ transplantation such as allogeneic transplantation between the rat strains Lewis and Fischer344. Thus, we initiated this study to investigate the applicability of hindlimb transplantation between these strains to imitate chronic rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation and identify potential markers.
methodsAllogeneic hindlimb transplantation were performed between Lewis (recipient) and Fischer344 (donor) rats with either constant immunosuppression or a high dose immunosuppressive bolus only in case of acute skin rejections. Histology, immunohistochemistry, microarray and qPCR analysis were used to detect changes in skin and muscle at postoperative day 100.
resultsWe were able to demonstrate significant intimal proliferation, infiltration of CD68 and CD4 positive cells, up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines and initiation of muscular fibrosis in the chronic rejection group. Microarray analysis and subsequent qPCR identified CXC ligands 9-11 as potential markers of chronic rejection.
conclusionsThe Fischer344 to Lewis hindlimb transplantation model may represent a new option to study chronic rejection in vascularized composite allotransplantation in an experimental setting. CXC ligands 9-11 deserve further research to investigate their role as chronic rejection markers.
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