ArticleEuropean journal of public health2020
A comparison of self-reported to cotinine-detected smoking status among adults in Georgia.
Article in European journal of public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of the Components of a Digital Multiple Health Behavior Change Intervention Among Individuals Seeking Help Online (Coach): Factorial Randomized Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Decision-tree analysis of characteristics associated with 6-month smoking abstinence in Taiwan.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Smoking after lung transplantation: Incidence and risk factors in the French multicenter prospective tabatransplant cohort study.JHLT open · 2026Article
- Perceived vs. actual cigarette and waterpipe dependence in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study of social desirability across demographic subgroups.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Vaping cessation interventions: A narrative review of randomized controlled trials.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026Review
- The challenges of recruiting never-smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from the large population-based Swedish CArdiopulmonary bioImage study (SCAPIS) cohort.European clinical respiratory journal · 2024Article
- Placental transcriptomic signatures of prenatal exposure to Hydroxy-Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.Environment international · 2023Article
- Analysis of the illicit tobacco market in Georgia in response to fiscal and non-fiscal tobacco control measures.Tobacco control · 2023Article
- Age-sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- Public Health Burden of Secondhand Smoking: Case Reports of Lung Cancer and a Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Race-specific associations of urinary phenols and parabens with adipokines in midlife women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2022Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco use among beneficiaries attending the youth mental health promotion clinics (Yuvaspandana Kendra) in India: A case-record analysis.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2022Article
- Association between Serum Cotinine Levels and Bone Mineral Density: An Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).International journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSelf-reported measures of tobacco use may have limited validity, particularly among some populations. This study aims to validate self-reported smoking measures among Georgian adults participating in the 2016 STEPS survey using cotinine biomarker measurements, and to explore potential differences according to sociodemographic characteristics. Additionally, this paper examines how the estimated prevalence of smoking in the population varies according to measurement type.
methodsUsing the WHO standardized STEPS methodology, adults self-reported their smoking status. In a later stage of the survey, a subset of participants provided a urine sample, which was tested for cotinine. Using each participant's objective cotinine measurement and their self-reported smoking status, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of self-reported smoking. Next, we calculated the estimated prevalence of smokers according to the type of measurement.
resultsResults indicated high sensitivity (83.37%, 95% CI: 76.79-88.37%) among males and relatively low sensitivity (38.60% CI: 29.23-48.90%) among females. According to self-report, the prevalence of smokers was 26.44% (23.61-29.48%), while according to cotinine detection, the prevalence of smokers was 32.27% (29.16-35.55%). Among all subgroups, the self-reported prevalence of smoking was significantly lower than the cotinine-detected prevalence.
conclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the validity of the STEPS self-reported tobacco indicator has been tested. Self-reported measures of smoking status may lead to an under-estimation of smoking prevalence among Georgian adults, especially women. These findings suggest that integration of biochemical measures of smoking into tobacco use studies may be an important investment.
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