ArticleVulnerable children and youth studies2018
Fatigue among South African adolescents living with HIV: Is the Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire a suitable measure and how common is fatigue?
Article in Vulnerable children and youth studies, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ciprofol-etomidate versus propofol-etomidate for gastrointestinal endoscopy: a randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Trial
- Trauma Exposure, Insomnia, and Fatigue: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Pathways to Burnout Among South African First Responders.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Insomnia Severity Index among South African first responders: evidence from classical test theory, Rasch, and Mokken analyses.Frontiers in sleep · 2025Article
- Being Cynical Is Bad for Your Wellbeing: A Structural Equation Model of the Relationship Between Cynicism and Mental Health in First Responders in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Fatigue in children and adolescents perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus: an observational study.BMC pediatrics · 2021Observational
- Persistent fatigue following SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and independent of severity of initial infection.PloS one · 2020Article
- Correlates of Fatigue Among South African Adolescents Living with HIV and Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.AIDS and behavior · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evidence suggests that HIV-infected adolescents experience elevated levels of fatigue that impacts their functioning at school and other important aspects of their lives. Yet, fatigue has not been measured amongst this population group. In this cross-sectional, mixed-methods study we explored the psychometric properties of the 11-item Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire (CFQ) amongst 134 South African adolescents (11-18 years old) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Western Cape. Using the Likert scoring method for the CFQ, the mean total score was 14.89 (SD=3.83) and about a quarter (n=33, 24.63%) of adolescents scored ≥ 18, indicating problematic levels of fatigue. The CFQ demonstrated good internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.83 (0.84, with item 11 deleted), which is comparable to other validation studies. On the first iteration of the principal component analysis (PCA) with a Varimax rotation, three factors accounted for 59.15% of the variance. However, the third factor consisted of one item only which we chose to remove from the analysis. On the second iteration of the PCA, a two factor solution was retained that accounted for 54.24% of the variance. The first factor, 'Physical fatigue', represented the first eight items on the scale. The second factor 'Mental fatigue' represented items nine and ten. The CFQ also demonstrated modest content and construct validity. The CFQ is a short, easy-to-use and cost-effective measure of fatigue, and demonstrates reliability and validity amongst a South African sample of adolescents. Given the high rate of fatigue amongst our participants, we recommend that future interventions be developed to reduce fatigue among HIV-infected adolescents, which may ultimately lead to improvements in school performance and social functioning. Future research may include test-retest reliability of the CFQ in order to show stability over time.
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