ReviewThe European respiratory journal2020
Epidemic and pandemic viral infections: impact on tuberculosis and the lung: A consensus by the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid), Global Tuberculosis Network (GTN), and members of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group for Mycobacterial Infections (ESGMYC).
Review in The European respiratory journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tracking the evolution of tuberculosis research priorities in Africa: a longitudinal bibliometric analysis from 2003-2023.Frontiers in research metrics and analytics · 2026Pooled it
- Global trends in the proportion of macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium Species: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Pathology of TB/COVID-19 Co-Infection: The phantom menace.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2021Pooled it
- Astodrimer sodium antiviral nasal spray for reducing respiratory infections is safe and well tolerated in a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Spatiotemporal trends in tuberculosis incidence in Thailand, 2012-2023: a nationwide, province-level analysis.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- Fixed Dose Combinations as an Advantage for the Treatment of Pediatric Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pulmonary Drug Delivery for Infectious Diseases: Cutting-Edge Formulations and Manufacturing Technologies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Tuberculosis treatment failure: what are the risk factors? A comprehensive literature review.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Inhaled Dry Powder of Antiviral Agents: A Promising Approach to Treating Respiratory Viral Pathogens.Viruses · 2025Review
- Impact of Severity of COVID-19 in TB Disease Patients: Experience from an Italian Infectious Disease Referral Hospital.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Infectious Risk in Pediatric Emergency Departments in Italy: A Survey by the Italian Society for Pediatric Emergency and Urgent Medicine (SIMEUP) on Available Preventive and Diagnostic Tools.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Is Respiratory Viral Infection an Inciting Event in the Development of Melioidosis? A Systematic Evaluation of Co-infection WithOpen forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Trends and annual percentage changes in tuberculosis mortality estimated by Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analyses, Taiwan, 1978-2022.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effective Reproduction Number of Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Iran: A Registry-Based Study (2011-2021).Journal of research in health sciences · 2024Article
- Changes in incidence and clinical features of tuberculosis with regard to the COVID-19 outbreak in Southern Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Unmasking the hidden impact of viruses on tuberculosis risk.Trends in immunology · 2024Review
- The TB burden in East Java, Indonesia, post-COVID-19.IJTLD open · 2024Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on child tuberculosis hospitalization.La Tunisie medicale · 2024Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
47 authors at 20 institutions in 13 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Major epidemics, including some that qualify as pandemics, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), HIV, influenza A (H1N1)pdm/09 and most recently COVID-19, affect the lung. Tuberculosis (TB) remains the top infectious disease killer, but apart from syndemic TB/HIV little is known regarding the interaction of viral epidemics and pandemics with TB. The aim of this consensus-based document is to describe the effects of viral infections resulting in epidemics and pandemics that affect the lung (MERS, SARS, HIV, influenza A (H1N1)pdm/09 and COVID-19) and their interactions with TB. A search of the scientific literature was performed. A writing committee of international experts including the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control Public Health Emergency (ECDC PHE) team, the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid), the Global Tuberculosis Network (GTN), and members of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Mycobacterial Infections (ESGMYC) was established. Consensus was achieved after multiple rounds of revisions between the writing committee and a larger expert group. A Delphi process involving the core group of authors (excluding the ECDC PHE team) identified the areas requiring review/consensus, followed by a second round to refine the definitive consensus elements. The epidemiology and immunology of these viral infections and their interactions with TB are discussed with implications for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of airborne infections (infection control, viral containment and workplace safety). This consensus document represents a rapid and comprehensive summary on what is known on the topic.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.