ReviewMolecular metabolism2020
Diabetes, infection risk and COVID-19.
Review in Molecular metabolism, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 179 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
179 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diabetes Mellitus, a Leading Comorbidity in COVID-19: an Insight on Pathophysiology, Molecular Interactions, and Comprehensive Management.Current microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review on SARS-CoV-2-associated fungal coinfections.Journal of medical virology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on arrhythmias and its subtypes in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Association of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer concentration on the severity of COVID-19 cases with or without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism · 2022Pooled it
- Managing diabetes in diabetic patients with COVID: where do we start from?Acta diabetologica · 2021Pooled it
- Pre-admission glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19): A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of metformin on mortality and severity in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2021 · on this mapPooled it
- Covid-19 and non-communicable diseases: evidence from a systematic literature review.BMC public health · 2021Pooled it
- Diabetes is most important cause for mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Comorbidities increase the severity of COVID-19: an analysis and epidemiological study conducted in Algeria.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2026Article
- Association between SARS-CoV-2 and diabetes: A population-based cohort study using the UK CPRD GOLD database.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Article
- Explaining Racial and Ethnic Inequities in SARS-CoV-2-Related Outcomes: Results from a Serosurvey in Chicago.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Candidiasis in Diabetes: Five-Year Retrospective on Glycaemic Control.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Observational
- Analysis of Infection Types, Pathogens, Antimicrobial Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes Data in Hospitalised Patients: Comprehensive Online Database for Antimicrobial Resistance (CODAR) Retrospective Pilot Study.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- TRIM5 integrates hypoglycemic stress and influenza infection.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Development and internal validation of a TLR2-based nomogram for diagnosing pulmonary infection in type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Body composition measurement and diabetes - A new perspective on development of antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIndividuals with diabetes are at a greater risk of hospitalization and mortality resulting from viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread quickly to more than 213 countries and claimed 395,779 lives as of June 7, 2020. Notably, in several studies, diabetes is one of the most reported comorbidities in patients with severe COVID-19. SCOPE OF REVIEW: In this review, I summarize the clinical data on the risk for infectious diseases in individuals with diabetes while highlighting the mechanisms for altered immune regulation. The focus is on coronaviruses. Based on the new clinical data obtained from COVID-19 patients, a discussion of mechanisms, such as cytokine storm, pulmonary and endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulation, that may render individuals with diabetes more vulnerable to COVID-19 is provided. MAJOR
conclusionsEpidemiological studies show that poorly controlled diabetes is a risk factor for various infectious diseases. Given the global burden of diabetes and the pandemic nature of coronaviruses, understanding how diabetes affects COVID-19 severity is critical to designing tailored treatments and clinical management of individuals affected by diabetes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.