SynthesisAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2020
Accuracy of FGF-21 and GDF-15 for the diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Circulating growth differentiation factor-15 concentration and hypertension risk: a dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Mitochondrial Quality Control in Inherited Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: Convergent Pathobiology and a Testable Therapeutic Framework.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in diagnosis of mitochondrial dysfunction and primary mitochondrial disease.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Review
- Advances in Primary Mitochondrial Diseases: Diagnosis, Natural History Studies and Clinical Trials.Genes · 2026Review
- Individualised mapping of living human brain mitochondria by MRI reveals signatures of bioenergetic defects.Research square · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy: bridging molecular mechanisms and clinical frontiers.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Individualised mapping of living human brain mitochondria by MRI reveals signatures of bioenergetic defects.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Screening and Stratification Utility of GDF-15 and FGF-21 in Individuals Evaluated for Suspected Mitochondrial Disease: A Malaysian Cohort Study.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Fibroblast growth factor 21 and growth differentiation factor 15 as biomarkers for oxidative stress in children with methylmalonic acidemia.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Biallelic TMEM126B Variants as a Novel Cause of Kidney Failure-Implications for Mitochondrial Genetic Testing in Nephrology.Clinical genetics · 2026Article
- Antagonism of β-klotho signaling by peptide 19 impairs wheel running in male mice and potentiates the cisplatin-induced decrease in wheel running.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial and psychosocial stress-related regulation of FGF21 in humans.Nature metabolism · 2025Article
- Biopsychosocial correlates of resting and stress-reactive salivary GDF15: preliminary findings.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Evaluating the utility of growth differentiation factor 15 and fibroblast growth factor 21 as blood biomarkers for Rett syndrome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The mitochondrial disease biomarker GDF15 is dynamic, quantifiable in saliva, and correlates with disease severity.Molecular genetics and metabolism · 2025Article
- The energetic stress cytokine GDF15 is elevated in the context of chronic and acute psychosocial stress.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Emerging multisystem biomarkers in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Safety and efficacy of deoxycytidine/deoxythymidine combination therapy in POLG-related disorders: 6-month interim results of an open-label, single arm, phase 2 trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- The energetics of cellular life transitions.Life metabolism · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveGiven their diverse phenotypes, mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are often difficult to diagnose. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) represent promising biomarkers for MD diagnosis. Herein we conducted a meta-analysis to compare their diagnostic accuracy for MDs.
methodsWe comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to 1 January 2020. Data were analyzed by two independent reviewers. We obtained the sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-), diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves of each diagnostic method.
resultsEight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 1563 participants (five encompassing 718 FGF-21 assessments; seven encompassing 845 participants for GDF-15) were included. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR and SROC of FGF-21 were 0.71 (95% CI 0.53, 0.84), 0.88(95% CI 0.82, 0.93), 18 (95% CI 6, 54), 0.90 (95% CI 0.87, 0.92), respectively, which were lower than GDF-15 values; 0.83 (95% CI 0.65, 0.92), 0.92 (95% CI 0.84, 0.96), 52 (95% CI 13, 205), 0.94 (95% CI 0.92, 0.96).
interpretationFGF-21 and GDF-15 showed acceptable sensitivity and high specificity. Of the biomarkers, GDF-15 had the highest diagnostic accuracy.
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