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ArticleEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society2022

Trauma-team-activation in Germany: how do emergency service professionals use the activation due to trauma mechanism? Results from a nationwide survey.

Paul Hagebusch, Philipp Faul, Frank Naujoks, Alexander Klug, Reinhard Hoffmann, Uwe Schweigkofler

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Article in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. The potential of point-of-care diagnostics to optimise prehospital trauma triage: a systematic review of literature.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Interleukin-6 to identify mildly injured patients in the trauma resuscitation room - a clinical feasibility study.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Article
  3. Observational
  4. Elevated serum lactate levels and age are associated with an increased risk for severe injury in trauma team activation due to trauma mechanism.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2022
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Paul Hagebusch *Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Friedberger Landstr. 430, 60389, Frankfurt, Germany. Paul.Hagebusch@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1061-8333
Philipp Faul *Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Friedberger Landstr. 430, 60389, Frankfurt, Germany.
Frank NaujoksMinistry of Health, City of Frankfurt, Breite Gasse 28, 60313, Frankfurt, Germany.
Alexander KlugDepartment of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Friedberger Landstr. 430, 60389, Frankfurt, Germany.
Reinhard HoffmannDepartment of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Friedberger Landstr. 430, 60389, Frankfurt, Germany.
Uwe SchweigkoflerDepartment of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Friedberger Landstr. 430, 60389, Frankfurt, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTrauma team activation (TTA) requires significant human and financial resources. The implemented German guidelines reduced the mortality of severe injured patients significantly over the last decade. Up to now there is no two-tier trauma team activation protocol in Germany. A two-tier TTA [often activated due to trauma mechanism (TM)] is thought to be a reasonable way to maintain patient safety while increasing cost efficiency.

methodsWe created an online survey addressed at the Emergency Medical Service in Germany to conduct a cross-sectional study. Both physicians and rescue service professionals (RSPs) were included. A minimum of 1550 participants answered questions in 4 different categories concerning the aspects of limited-TTA (L-TTA). Case studies were presented to evaluate the usage of TTA due to TM in the daily routine.

resultsEighty percent (n:1233) of the respondents wish for a possibility to activate a limited trauma team. Seventy-two percent (n: 1109) of the participants consider a L-TTA due to TM to be adequate. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the assessment and opinion on L-TTA among physicians and RSPs as well as different medical professions. The evaluated case studies showed diverse answers: depending on the profession, the same patient was ranked as severely injured by 54% and as minorly injured by 46% of the 1550 participants.

conclusionsMembers of the German Emergency Medical Service call for a two-tier TTA-protocol. Up to now we cannot fully recommend an automatic reduction of the trauma team when activated due to TM in Germany with the guidelines implemented. The profession might affect the L-TTA-behavior. Criteria for a L-TTA in Germany have to be defined and evaluated. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV, cross-sectional study.

Indexed as

Emergency Medical ServicesWounds and InjuriesCross-Sectional StudiesGermanyHumansRetrospective StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesTrauma CentersTriageLimited trauma team activationOnline surveyProfessionTrauma mechanism

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.