ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2020
Dementia risk in women higher in same-sex than opposite-sex twins.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do prenatal factors shape the risk for dementia?: A systematic review of the epidemiological evidence for the prenatal origins of dementia.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- On the importance of including both sexes in animal studies - insights from home-cage monitoring.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- The Interplay of Genes and Environment Across Multiple Studies (IGEMS) Consortium After Fifteen Years.Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies · 2026Article
- Role of estrogen in women's Alzheimer's disease risk as modified by APOE.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- APOE genotype and biological sex regulate astroglial interactions with amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- GABAergic dysfunction, neural network hyperactivity and memory impairments in human aging and Alzheimer's disease.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2021Review
- Sex Differences in Migraine: A Twin Study.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Reduced Hippocampal GABA+ Is Associated With Poorer Episodic Memory in Healthy Older Women: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is associated with dementia in women.Early human development · 2020Article
- Dementia risk in women higher in same-sex than opposite-sex twins.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHormones may be one possible mechanism underlying sex differences in dementia incidence. We examined whether presumed differential prenatal hormone milieu is related to dementia risk by comparing dementia rates in same- and opposite-sex dizygotic twin pairs in male and female twins.
methodsThe sample comprised 43,254 individuals from dizygotic twin pairs aged 60 and older from the Swedish Twin Registry. Survival analyses were conducted separately for females and males.
resultsFemale twins from opposite-sex pairs had significantly lower dementia risk than female twins from same-sex pairs, but the differences emerged only after age 70 (hazard ratio = 0.64, DISCUSSION: The results suggest that relatively masculine prenatal hormone milieus correlate with lower dementia risk in females.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.