ArticleAddiction & health2020
Impact of Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs in Changing Smokers' Views and Habits: An Opinion Survey.
Article in Addiction & health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- The estimated effect of graphic warning labels on smoker's intention to quit in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSmoking has become a major issue worldwide. With the advancement in technology, more vulnerable populations, such as teenagers, are also being harmed. One deterrent is the presence of graphic labels on cigarette packs. With this rationale in mind, the objective of our study is to assess the impact of these warning labels on the habits and opinions of smokers.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing a validated paper-based questionnaire. The sample size was calculated to be 200 using statistical software. The study targeted students of Islamabad, Pakistan, who were studying in twelfth grade and were smokers. The sampling method used was 'snowball sampling'.
findings128 (64%) males and 72 (36%) females participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 17.59 ± 0.51 years. 40 participants reported choosing local brands for cigarettes due to cigarette 'freshness', regardless of presence or absence of a graphic label, which was a new concept. 94% of participants believed that presence of a visual label helped with understanding the harm and 78% believed that the side effects were accurately portrayed. Participants who were more than 17 years of age believed that the graphic label provided a clear description of the consequences of smoking. Similar results were seen in the female participants of the study.
conclusionThere is a general consensus on graphic labels altering the opinions of smokers. The presence of these labels is, however, targeting only a specific type of audience and hence, should be expanded for a larger audience.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.