ArticleFrontiers in immunology2020
Small Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Clones in Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: Clinical Implications and Different Cytokine Patterns in Positive and Negative Patients.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus associated with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: a case report and literature review highlighting the clinical significance of small PNH clones.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Beyond Terminal Blockade: A Mechanism-Based Approach to Complement Inhibitor Selection in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias: Challenges in Diagnosis and Therapy.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2024Review
- Deciphering Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: An Unusual Paradigm of Hemolytic Anemia.Cureus · 2024Article
- Swiss Survey on current practices and opinions on clinical constellations triggering the search for PNH clones.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- [How I diagnose and treat autoimmune hemolytic anemia].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2022Article
- Intravascular hemolysis and multitreatment predict thrombosis in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2022Article
- Autoimmunity: Are we asking the right question?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Confounding factors in the diagnosis and clinical course of rare congenital hemolytic anemias.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2021Review
- Difficult Cases of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Novelties.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria in the Context of a Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Immune Phenomena in Myeloid Neoplasms: An "Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: current knowledge and perspectives.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is characterized by immune mediated erythrocytes destruction by autoantibodies with or without complement activation. Additional pathologic mechanisms include cellular cytotoxicity, cytokline dysregulation, and inadequate bone marrow compensation with fibrosis/dyserythropoiesis. The latter resembles that of bone marrow failures, namely aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clones are increasingly recognized in bone marrow failure syndromes, and their selection and expansion are thought to be mediated by immune mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PNH clones in 99 patients with primary AIHA, and their correlations with disease features and outcomes. Moreover, in the attempt to disclose the physiopathology of PNH positivity in AIHA, serum levels of several immunomodulatory cytokines were tested. A PNH clone was found in 37 AIHA patients (37,4%), with a median size of 0.2% on granulocytes (range 0.03-85). Two patients showed a large clone (16 and 85%) and were therefore considered as AIHA/PNH association and not included in further analysis. Compared to PNH negative, PNH positive cases displayed a higher hemolytic pattern with adequate bone marrow compensation. AIHA type, response to therapy, complications and outcome were comparable between the two groups. Regarding cytokine levels, IFN-γ and IL-17 were lower in PNH positive vs. PNH negative AIHAs (0.3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.33 ± 2.5; 0.15 ± 0.3 vs. 3,7 ± 9.1, respectively,
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