Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32581758›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in neurorobotics2020

Current Status, Challenges, and Possible Solutions of EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interface: A Comprehensive Review.

Mamunur Rashid, Norizam Sulaiman, Anwar P P Abdul Majeed, Rabiu Muazu Musa, Ahmad Fakhri Ab Nasir, Bifta Sama Bari, Sabira Khatun

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in neurorobotics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
27.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 469 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Review
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  12. Deep Learning-Based Decoding and Feature Visualization of Motor Imagery Speeds From EEG Signals.IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology · 2026
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  14. Article
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  17. Smart closed-loop drug delivery systems.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025
    Article
  18. [Motor imagery classification based on dynamic multi-scale convolution and multi-head temporal attention].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mamunur RashidFaculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia.
Norizam SulaimanFaculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia.
Anwar P P Abdul MajeedInnovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Laboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia.
Rabiu Muazu MusaCentre for Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
Ahmad Fakhri Ab NasirInnovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Laboratory, Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia.
Bifta Sama BariFaculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia.
Sabira KhatunFaculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia.
Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah · MYUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), in essence, aims at controlling different assistive devices through the utilization of brain waves. It is worth noting that the application of BCI is not limited to medical applications, and hence, the research in this field has gained due attention. Moreover, the significant number of related publications over the past two decades further indicates the consistent improvements and breakthroughs that have been made in this particular field. Nonetheless, it is also worth mentioning that with these improvements, new challenges are constantly discovered. This article provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of a complete BCI system. First, a brief overview of electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCI systems is given. Secondly, a considerable number of popular BCI applications are reviewed in terms of electrophysiological control signals, feature extraction, classification algorithms, and performance evaluation metrics. Finally, the challenges to the recent BCI systems are discussed, and possible solutions to mitigate the issues are recommended.

Indexed as

brain-computer interface (BCI)classificationelectroencephalogram (EEG)feature extractionmachine learning

Identifiers

PMID32581758
PMCPMC7283463
OpenAlexW3033186461

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.