SynthesisEye (London, England)2021
Assessment of retinal neurodegeneration with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Eye (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship of diabetic retinopathy to cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Systemic Diseases and the Eye: A Translational Perspective on Diabetes.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Integrative severity scale for diabetic macular atrophy and ischemia using structural OCT and OCT angiography.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Association of Retinal Capillary Density and Retinal Thickness in Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Intranasal Insulin Mediates Neurodegeneration in Diabetic Retinopathy via Regulation of Inflammatory and Apoptotic Pathways.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Macular perfusion alterations in people with recent-onset diabetes and novel diabetes subtypes.Diabetologia · 2025Observational
- Neuronal Degeneration and Glial Activation in the Absence of Vascular Changes in Human Retinas of Patients With Diabetes.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Relationship of OCT-Based Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration to the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cohort Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Total retinal thickness is an important factor in evaluating diabetic retinal neurodegeneration.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of thickness of individual macular retinal layers in diabetic eyes from optical coherence tomography.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Retinal age gap as a predictive biomarker for future risk of clinically significant diabetic retinopathy.Acta diabetologica · 2024Article
- Early choroidal and retinal changes detected by swept-source oct in type 2 diabetes and their association with diabetic kidney disease: a longitudinal prospective study.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- The Diabetic Retinopathy "Pandemic" and Evolving Global Strategies: The 2023 Friedenwald Lecture.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Association of Male Sex and Microvascular Alterations on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetes.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Anomalies in neurovascular coupling during early diabetes: A review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Total retinal thickness: a neglected factor in the evaluation of inner retinal thickness.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Diabetic retinal neurodegeneration as a form of diabetic retinopathy.International ophthalmology · 2021Review
- Citicoline in Ophthalmological Neurodegenerative Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Detecting retinal neurodegeneration in people with diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo comprehensively assess diabetic retinopathy neurodegeneration (DRN) as quantified by retinal neuronal and axonal layers measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM).
methodsArticles on the topic of examining macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (m-GCIPL), macular retinal nerve fibre layer (m-RNFL), macular ganglion cell complex (m-GCC), and peripapillary RNFL (p-RNFL) measured with SD-OCT in DM subjects without DR (NDR) or with non-proliferative DR (NPDR) were searched in PubMed and Embase up to November 31, 2019. Standardized mean difference (SMD) as effect size were pooled using random-effects model.
resultsThirty-six studies searched from online databases and the CUHK DM cohort were included in the meta-analysis. In the comparison between NDR and control, macular measures including mean m-GCIPL (SMD = -0.26, p = 0.003), m-RNFL (SMD = -0.26, p = 0.046), and m-GCC (SMD = -0.28; p = 0.009) were significantly thinner in the NDR group. In the comparison between NPDR and NDR, only mean p-RNFL was significantly thinner in the NPDR group (SMD = -0.27; p = 0.03), but not other macular measures.
conclusionsThinning of retinal neuronal and axonal layers at macula as measured by SD-OCT are presented in eyes with NDR, supporting DRN may be the early pathogenesis in the DM patients without the presence of clinical signs of DR. In the future, these SD-OCT measures may be used as surrogates of DRN to stratify DM patients with a high risk of DR, and may be used as a therapeutic target if neuroprotection treatment for DR is available.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.