Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2020
Serum Urate Lowering with Allopurinol and Kidney Function in Type 1 Diabetes.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02017171 (PERL), which is not on this map. Cited by 184 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
184citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
30.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PERL: A Multicenter Clinical Trial of Allopurinol to Prevent GFR Loss in T1D
Who cites it
184 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 352 citations in OpenAlex.
- Febuxostat provides renoprotection in patients with hyperuricemia or gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Annals of medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Large-scale cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of serum urate.Nature communications · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of uric acid-lowering therapy (ULT) on renal outcomes in CKD patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of uric acid reduction on chronic kidney disease. Systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluating how clear the questions being investigated in randomised trials are: systematic review of estimands.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between uric acid levels and chronic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Inflammatory Markers and Measures of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Poor Glycemic Control Is Associated With More Rapid Kidney Function Decline After the Onset of Diabetic Kidney Disease.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Trial
- Febuxostat and renal outcomes: post-hoc analysis of a randomized trial.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Trial
- Baseline risk markers and visit-to-visit variability in relation to kidney outcomes - A post-hoc analysis of the PERL study.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2022Trial
- Mediators of ertugliflozin effects on heart failure and kidney outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Trial
- Effects of elevated serum urate on cardiometabolic and kidney function markers in a randomised clinical trial of inosine supplementation.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- SGLT2 Inhibition and Uric Acid Excretion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Normal Kidney Function.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2022Trial
- A Non-purine Xanthine Oxidoreductase Inhibitor Reduces Albuminuria in Patients with DKD: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Kidney360 · 2021Trial
- Serum urate and cardiovascular events in the DCCT/EDIC study.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- A treat-to-target urate management strategy does not improve kidney outcome in patients with chronic kidney disease and asymptomatic hyperuricemia: a target trial emulation.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Urate-lowering therapy modifies associations between urinary urate and kidney outcome.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Association between ABCG2 transporter functionality and CKD progression: a retrospective cohort study in patients with CKD stage G3.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal serum uric acid trajectories and chronic kidney disease progression.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
124 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
35 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Alessandro DoriaFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Andrzej T GaleckiFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Cathie SpinoFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Rodica Pop-BusuiFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
David Z CherneyFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Ildiko LingvayFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Afshin ParsaFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Peter RossingFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-1531-4294
Ronald J SigalFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Maryam AfkarianFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Ronnie AronsonFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
M Luiza CaramoriFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Jill P CrandallFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Ian H de BoerFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Thomas G ElliottFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Allison B GoldfineFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
J Sonya HawFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Irl B HirschFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Amy B KargerFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-2781-3824
David M MaahsFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Janet B McGillFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Mark E MolitchFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Bruce A PerkinsFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Sarit PolskyFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Marlon PragnellFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
William N RobinerFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Sylvia E RosasFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Peter SeniorFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Katherine R TuttleFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Guillermo E UmpierrezFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Amisha WalliaFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Ruth S WeinstockFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Chunyi WuFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
Michael MauerFrom the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston (A.D., A.B.G., S.E.R.); the Division of Geriatrics, Institute of Gerontology (A.T.G., C.W.), the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health (A.T.G., C.S.), Statistical Analysis of Biomedical and Educational Research (SABER) (C.S.), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes (R.P.-B.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; the Departments of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.Z.C.) and the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (B.A.P.), University of Toronto, the Division of Nephrology, University Health Network (D.Z.C.), LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology (R.A.), and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System (B.A.P.), Toronto, the Departments of Medicine, Cardiac Sciences, and Community Health Sciences, Faculties of Medicine and Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (R.J.S.), BCDiabetes, Vancouver (T.G.E.), and the Division of Endocrinology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (P.S.) - all in Canada; the Departments of Medicine and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (I.L.); the Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.P.); Steno Diabetes Center, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University Copenhagen, Copenhagen (P.R.); the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis (M.A.), and the Department of Pediatrics and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto (D.M.M.) - both in California; the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (M.L.C., W.N.R.. M.M.) and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.B.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; the Division of Endocrinology and Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine (J.P.C.), and JDRF (Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) (M.P.), New York; the Department of Medicine (I.H.B., I.B.H.) and the Nephrology Division (K.R.T.), University of Washington, and the Institute of Translational Health Sciences, Kidney Research Institute (K.R.T.), Seattle, and Providence Health Care, Spokane (K.R.T.) - both in Washington; the Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta (J.S.H., G.E.U.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis (J.B.M.); the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (M.E.M., A.W.); the Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora (S.P.); and the Department of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W.).
PERL Study Group
Joslin Diabetes Center · USNorthwestern University · US
Funding
Transform Dissemination and Implementation Science in CTSA ProgramsUL1TR002319 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI John K. Amory · 2017 to 2026
$100.0MNorthwestern University Clinical and Translational Science Institute (NUCATS)UL1TR001422 · NCATS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI D'AQUILA, RICHARD · 2015 to 2023
$56.8MSPECIAL ASSAY COREP30DK036836 · NIDDK · JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER · PI ROHIT N. KULKARNI · 1986 to 2026
$50.5MUniversity of Minnesota Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UMN CTSI)UL1TR002494 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI BLAZAR, BRUCE R, WEISDORF, DANIEL J · 2018 to 2022
$34.9MPERL: A multicenter clinical trial of allopurinol to prevent GFR loss in T1DUC4DK101108 · NIDDK · JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER · PI DORIA, ALESSANDRO, MAUER, S. MICHAEL · 2013 to 2018
$31.6MResearch Education CoreP30AG024824 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Lona Mody, RAYMOND L YUNG · 2004 to 2026
$29.2MTranslational Research CoreP30DK020541 · NIDDK · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI JEFFREY E. PESSIN · 2015 to 2026
$27.7MCTSA Administrative Supplement for Informatics Core: A novel AI/ML system to predict respiratory failure and ARDS in Covid-19 patientsUL1TR002556 · NCATS · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI KELLER, MARLA J, KIM, MIMI Y · 2018 to 2022
$26.7MUT Southwestern Center for Translational Medicine (UL1/KL2/TL1)UL1TR001105 · NCATS · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI TOTO, ROBERT DANIEL · 2013 to 2017
$24.5MRegional Pilot And Feasibility Study Grants ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI DAVID P OLSON · 2013 to 2026
$24.3MA multicenter clinical trial of allopurinol to prevent GFR loss in T1DR34DK097808 · NIDDK · JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER · PI DORIA, ALESSANDRO, MAUER, S. MICHAEL · 2012 to 2012
$190kDesign of a Multicenter Clinical Trial of Allopurinol to Prevent GFR Loss in T1DR03DK094484 · NIDDK · JOSLIN DIABETES CENTER · PI DORIA, ALESSANDRO, MAUER, S. MICHAEL · 2011 to 2011
$107kJuvenile Diabetes Research Foundation United States of America 17-2012-377NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001105NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001422NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002319NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002494NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002556NIA NIH HHS P30 AG024824NIA NIH HHS P30 AG08808NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020541NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK036836NIDDK NIH HHS R03 DK094484NIDDK NIH HHS R34 DK097808NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 D101108NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK101108
Abstract
backgroundHigher serum urate levels are associated with an increased risk of diabetic kidney disease. Lowering of the serum urate level with allopurinol may slow the decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in persons with type 1 diabetes and early-to-moderate diabetic kidney disease.
methodsIn a double-blind trial, we randomly assigned participants with type 1 diabetes, a serum urate level of at least 4.5 mg per deciliter, an estimated GFR of 40.0 to 99.9 ml per minute per 1.73 m
resultsA total of 267 patients were assigned to receive allopurinol and 263 to receive placebo. The mean age was 51.1 years, the mean duration of diabetes 34.6 years, and the mean glycated hemoglobin level 8.2%. The mean baseline iohexol-based GFR was 68.7 ml per minute per 1.73 m
conclusionsWe found no evidence of clinically meaningful benefits of serum urate reduction with allopurinol on kidney outcomes among patients with type 1 diabetes and early-to-moderate diabetic kidney disease. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and others; PERL ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02017171.).
Indexed as
AdultAgedAllopurinolDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetic NephropathiesDouble-Blind MethodEnzyme InhibitorsFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedRenin-Angiotensin SystemTreatment FailureUric AcidXanthine OxidaseAllopurinolEnzyme InhibitorsUric AcidXanthine Oxidase
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT02017171ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.